Extraction and biodegradation of ginkgolic acids from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> sarcotestae

doi:10.15302/J-FASE-2017181

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

2017, Vol. 4

Issue (4) : 465-472 https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2017181

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Extraction and biodegradation of ginkgolic acids from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae

Qi LI^1,², Wei SUN¹, Yan JIANG¹, Fuliang CAO^1,³(

), Guibin WANG^1,³, Linguo ZHAO^1,²(

)

¹. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
². College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
³. College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

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Abstract

Ginkgolic acids are unwanted constituents in standard Ginkgo biloba leaves extracts. Thus, for the quality control of ginkgo extracts, it is important to establish an effective degradation method, with high catalytic efficiency and safety, to remove ginkgolic acids. Laccases are oxidases with potential for application in elimination of hazardous phenolic compounds. In this study, single-factor and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize extraction of ginkgolic acid from G. biloba sarcotestae. The results showed that ethanol was the best solvent, with the highest extraction rate for ginkgolic acid at 85% ethanol. On this basis, we measured ethanol volume fraction, extraction time, temperature and solid-liquid ratio using an orthogonal experiment. By using absorbance of 310 nm as standard, the optimal extraction conditions were 85% ethanol with, solid-liquid ratio of 1:14 at 40°C for 12 h. These conditions gave a ginkgolic acid yield of 73.1 mg·g⁻¹. Subsequently, recombinant laccase was used to degrade the ginkgolic acid in several laccase/mediator systems, of which LacC was the best. At 50°C, pH 4.5, enzyme concentration of 0.01 U·mL⁻¹, 0.5 mmol·L⁻¹ mediator ABTS and reaction time of 3 h, the degradation rate of ginkgolic acid reached 100%. These results lay the foundation for research on and application of biological enzymes for detoxification of G. biloba extracts.

Keywords biodegradation extraction ginkgolic acid laccase orthogonal method

Corresponding Author(s): Fuliang CAO,Linguo ZHAO

Just Accepted Date: 24 November 2017 Online First Date: 14 December 2017 Issue Date: 10 December 2017

Cite this article:

Qi LI,Wei SUN,Yan JIANG, et al. Extraction and biodegradation of ginkgolic acids from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2017, 4(4): 465-472.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2017181
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2017/V4/I4/465

Fig.1 Effect of different organic solvents (a) and ethanol volume (b) fractions on extraction of ginkgolic acid from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae

Fig.2 Effect of different extraction temperatures (a), time (b), and solid-liquid ratios (c) on extraction of ginkgolic acid from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae

Tab.1 Orthogonal experiment on extraction of ginkgolic acids

Fig.3 HPLC analysis of ginkgolic acid extracts; crude extract from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae (a) and a total ginkgolic acid standard (b). The hydrocarbon side chains 1 to 5 are C13:0, C15:1, C17:2, C15:0 and C17:1, respectively.

Fig.4 Effect of different laccase isoenzymes (a) and small-molecule mediators (b) on degradation of ginkgolic acid in extracts from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae.

Fig.5 Optimization of degradation conditions of ginkgolic acid in extracts from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae. (a) enzyme concentration; (b) pH; (c) temperature; (d) time.

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