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Geometric attack resistant image watermarking based on MSER |
Xuejuan ZHANG1, Xiaochun CAO2( ), Jingjie LI1 |
| 1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China |
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Abstract Geometric distortions are simple and effective attacks rendering many watermarking methods useless. They make detection and extraction of the embedded watermark difficult or even impossible by destroying the synchronization between the watermark reader and the embedded watermark. In this paper, we propose a blind content-based image watermarking scheme against geometric distortions. Firstly, the MSER detector is adopted to extract a set of maximally stable extremal regions which are affine covariant and robust to geometric distortions and common signal processing. Secondly, every original MSER is fitted into an elliptical region that was proved to be affine invariant. In order to achieve rotation invariance, an image normalization process is performed to transform the elliptical regions into circular ones. Finally, watermarks are repeatedly embedded into every circular disk by modifying the wavelet transform coefficients. Experimental results on standard benchmark demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust to geometric distortions as well as common signal processing.
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| Keywords
image watermarking
maximally stable extremal region
geometric distortions
image normalization
wavelet transform
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Corresponding Author(s):
CAO Xiaochun,Email:caoxiaochun@iie.ac.cn
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Issue Date: 01 February 2013
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