An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

doi:10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z

Front Chem Sci Eng

2011, Vol. 5

Issue (3) : 362-371 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI(

), M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 91775-1111, Iran

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Abstract

In a modern day sulfur recovery unit (SRU), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is converted to elemental sulfur using a modified Claus unit. A process simulator called TSWEET has been used to consider the Claus process. The effect of the H₂S concentration, the H₂S/CO₂ ratio, the input air flow rate, the acid gas flow of the acid gas (AG) splitter and the temperature of the acid gas feed at three different oxygen concentrations (in the air input) on the main burner temperature have been studied. Also the effects of the tail gas ratio and the catalytic bed type on the sulfur recovery were studied. The bed temperatures were optimized in order to enhance the sulfur recovery for a given acid gas feed and air input. Initially when the fraction of AG splitter flow to the main burner was increased, the temperature of the main burner increased to a maximum but then decreased sharply when the flow fraction was further increased; this was true for all three concentrations of oxygen. However, if three other parameters (the concentration of H₂S, the ratio H₂S/CO₂ and the flow rate of air) were increased, the temperature of the main burner increased monotonically. This increase had different slopes depending on the oxygen concentration in the input air. But, by increasing the temperature of the acid gas feed, the temperature of the main burner decreased. In general, the concentration of oxygen in the input air into the Claus unit had little effect on the temperature of the main burner (This is true for all parameters). The optimal catalytic bed temperature, tail gas ratio and type of catalytic bed were also determined and these conditions are a minimum temperature of 300°C, a ratio of 2.0 and a hydrolysing Claus bed.

Keywords Claus unit concentration of H₂S tail gas ratio sulfur recovery catalytic bed

Corresponding Author(s): ASADI S.,Email:samerasadi@yahoo.com

Issue Date: 05 September 2011

Cite this article:

S. ASADI,M. PAKIZEH,M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR. An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery[J]. Front Chem Sci Eng, 2011, 5(3): 362-371.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2011/V5/I3/362

Fig.1 Process flow diagram of a simulated Claus process

Fig.2 Effect of acid gas on the reaction furnace temperature with different inlet O concentrations

Fig.3 Effect of the HS/CO ratio on reaction furnace temperature for different inlet oxygen concentrations. Results were obtained from the main stripper of an amine sweetening unit

Fig.4 Effect of air dry flow on the reaction furnace temperature for different inlet oxygen concentrations

Fig.5 Effect of the fraction of the AG splitter flow to the main burner (% acid gas flow) on the reaction furnace temperature for different concentrations of oxygen

Fig.6 Effect of the acid gas feed temperature on the reaction furnace temperature for different concentrations of oxygen

Tab.1 Chemical composition of acid gas feed.

Fig.7 Effect of the tail gas ratio on the sulfur recovery

Tab.2 Effect of changing the type of bed on the sulfur recovery (First bed: Clause bed type)

Tab.3 Effect of changing the type of bed on the sulfur recovery (First bed: hydrolyzing Clause bed type)

Tab.4 Effect of change the type of bed on the sulfur recovery (First bed: sub dew point clause bed type)

Fig.8 Overall sulfur recovery as a function of the temperature of bed 1. Bed 2 and 3 were maintained at constant temperatures. a 16.67°C over the sulfur dew point; b 9.45°C over the sulfur dew point; c 4.45°C over the sulfur dew point; d 1.39°C over the sulfur dew point

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