Effect of TiO2 loading on the morphology and CO2/CH4 separation performance of PEBAX-based membranes

doi:10.1007/s11705-018-1781-0

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (3) : 517-530 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-018-1781-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of TiO₂ loading on the morphology and CO₂/CH₄ separation performance of PEBAX-based membranes

Navid Azizi¹, Mojgan Isanejad¹, Toraj Mohammadi¹(

), Reza M. Behbahani²

¹. Research and Technology Center of Membrane Processes, Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran
². Gas Engineering Department, Petroleum University of Technology, Ahwaz, Iran

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Abstract

Membranes have attracted much attention as economical methods for industrial chemical processes. The effects of the titanium dioxide nanoparticle load on the morphology and CO₂/CH₄ separation performance of poly (ether-block-amide) (PEBAX-1657) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were investigated from pressures of 3–12 bar and temperatures of 30°C–60°C. The PEBAX membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy and tensile strength analysis. The incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles into the polymeric MMMs improved the CO₂/CH₄ gas separation performance (both the permeability and selectivity) of the membranes. The CO₂ permeability and ideal CO₂/CH₄ selectivity values of the nanocomposite membrane loaded with 8 wt-% TiO₂ were 172.32 Barrer and 24.79, respectively whereas those of the neat membrane were 129.87 Barrer and 21.39, respectively.

Keywords mixed matrix membrane TiO₂ nanoparticles PEBAX-1657 CO₂/CH₄ separation

Corresponding Author(s): Toraj Mohammadi

Online First Date: 21 March 2019 Issue Date: 22 August 2019

Cite this article:

Navid Azizi,Mojgan Isanejad,Toraj Mohammadi, et al. Effect of TiO₂ loading on the morphology and CO₂/CH₄ separation performance of PEBAX-based membranes[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(3): 517-530.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-018-1781-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2019/V13/I3/517

Tab.1 Physical properties of PEBAX-1657

Tab.2 Physical properties of the TiO₂ nanoparticles

Fig.1 Schematic view of the setup used to perform gas permeation experiments

Fig.2 Cross-sectional FESEM images of PEBAX-based membranes containing (a) 0, (b) 2, (c) 4, (d) 6, and (e) 8 wt-% TiO₂ nanoparticles

Fig.3 XRD patterns of neat PEBAX, PEBAX/TiO₂ 4 wt-% and PEBAX/TiO₂ 8 wt-%

Fig.4 FTIR spectra of TiO₂, neat PEBAX, PEBAX/TiO₂ 4 wt-% and PEBAX/TiO₂ 8 wt-%

Fig.5 TGA curves for neat PEBAX, PEBAX/TiO₂ 4 wt-% and PEBAX/TiO₂ 8 wt-% MMMs

Tab.3 Tensile analysis of the prepared membranes

Fig.6 AFM images of the prepared membranes: (a) Neat PEBAX-1657, (b) PEBAX/TiO₂ 4 wt-% and (c) PEBAX/TiO₂ 8 wt-%

Fig.7 CO₂ and CH₄ permeability values through the membranes with different TiO₂ nanoparticle contents at 3 bar and 30°C

Fig.8 Ideal CO₂/CH₄ selectivities for the prepared membranes with different TiO₂ nanoparticle content at 3 bar and 30°C

Fig.9 Effect of feed pressure on CO₂ and CH₄ permeability values for the neat PEBAX membrane and the MMMs containing 4 wt-% and 8 wt-% of TiO₂

Fig.10 Effect of feed pressure on the ideal CO₂/CH₄ selectivity for the neat PEBAX membrane and the MMMs containing 4 wt-% and 8 wt-% of TiO₂ at 30°C

Fig.11 Effect of feed temperature on CO₂ and CH₄ permeability values for the neat PEBAX membrane and the MMMs containing 4 wt-% and 8 wt-% of TiO₂ at 3 bar

Fig.12 Effect of feed temperature on the ideal CO₂/CH₄ selectivities of the neat PEBAX membrane and the MMMs containing 4 wt-% and 8 wt-% of TiO₂ at 3 bar

Membrane type	Filler content /wt-%	Pressure /bar	Temperature /°C	$P C O 2$ /Barrer	$α C O 2 / C H 2$	Ref.
PEBAX-1657/ ZIF-8	?	2	25	449.0	14.7	[²⁸]
PEBAX-1657/ SAPO-34	23	7	35	135.0	20.8	[³⁰]
PEBAX-1657/MWNTs-NH₂	33	7	35	361	15.5	[⁷³]
PEBAX-1657/ PEG-400/ZnO	PEG-400:40 ZnO:4	3	25	94.5	24.2	[⁷⁴]
PEBAX-1657/ ImGO	0.8	4	25	64.0	25.1	[⁵⁶]
PEBAX-1657/ zeolite 4A	10	5	25	97.0	26.4	[⁷⁵]
PEBAX-2533/ ZIF-8	15	2	25	574.0	10.4	[⁷⁶]
PEBAX-1074/ PEG	50	5	35	36.4	26.0	[⁷⁷]
PEBAX-2533/ ZIF-11	70	2	20	402.9	12.5	[⁶⁰]
PEBAX-1657/ TiO₂	8	3	30	172.3	24.8	This study

Tab.4 Comparison of CO₂/CH₄ separation efficiency of the membrane prepared in this study with other prepared membranes

Fig.13 Comparison of CO₂/CH₄ separation efficiency of the prepared membranes with Robeson’s upper bounds

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