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Frontiers of Engineering Management

ISSN 2095-7513

ISSN 2096-0255(Online)

CN 10-1205/N

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Front. Eng    2018, Vol. 5 Issue (4) : 548-552    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FEM-2018208
SUPER ENGINEERING
Innovation evolution of China’s high-speed rail industry
Jin CHEN(), Liang MEI
School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Center for Technological Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Corresponding Author(s): Jin CHEN   
Just Accepted Date: 22 October 2018   Online First Date: 16 November 2018    Issue Date: 29 November 2018
 Cite this article:   
Jin CHEN,Liang MEI. Innovation evolution of China’s high-speed rail industry[J]. Front. Eng, 2018, 5(4): 548-552.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fem/EN/10.15302/J-FEM-2018208
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fem/EN/Y2018/V5/I4/548
Representative aspects Descriptions
Longest operating mileage The operating length of the high-speed rail has reached 22000 km at the end of 2017, covering more than the sum of other countries all over the world.
Fastest engineering construction China’s high-speed rail began to promote the introduction, absorption, and re-innovation development of road. Only 10 years later, the construction of “four vertical and four horizontal” railway network was completed.
Highest operating speed of high-speed train 486.1 km/h
Highest test speed of wheeling rail 605 km/h
Highest standard In June 2011, Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway was completed and became the world’s high-speed railway with the highest standard.
World’s first new high-speed railway operating in Alpine area On December 1, 2012, the world’s first new high-speed railway operating in Alpine area, “Harbin–Dalian,” high-speed railway opened for operation.
World’s longest high-speed railway On December 26, 2014, “Beijing–Guangzhou” high-speed railway, which was the world’s longest high-speed railway (2298 km in total), opened for operation.
Most complete electric multiple unit (EMU) pedigree China owes EMUs with all speed levels ranging from 200 km/h to 500 km/h
World’s largest transport scale By September 2017, more than 7 billion people have experienced high-speed rail transportation.
Tab.1  Representative aspects of the world’s best performance of China’s high-speed rail industry
Development stage Representative events
Before 2004 #The development of high-speed rail industry mainly relied on indigenous R&D.
#Developed representative high-speed trains, such as “Blue Arrows,” “Chun Cheng,” “White Sharks,” and “China Star.”
#The first indigenous high-speed railway: “Qing-Shen” special passenger line.
#Speed leveraging on existing railway network.
2004–2008 #In January 2004, the State Council executive meeting adopted the “Medium- and Long-term Railway Network Planning” and started the “Four Vertical and Four Horizontal” railway network planning.
#The Ministry of Railways created a strategy for the development of China’s high-speed rail industry: Introduce the advanced technologies, joint design and production and building the indigenous high-speed rail brands of China.
#Promoted two-round global EMUs’ procurement tender with 200 km/h and 300 km/h speed levels.
#Designed the oligopoly competition of high-speed rail industry between China South Railway (CSR) and China North Railway (CNR).
2008–2014 #Started the indigenous innovation development of high-speed rail after the release of “The Indigenous Innovation Joint Action Plan of China High-speed Train” in February 2008.
#Targeted on the indigenous innovation of 350 km/h high-speed train.
#Completed the indigenous innovation high-speed train of CRH380.
2015–Present #Completed the merging of CSR and CNR into China Railway Rolling Corporation (CRRC), which determined its global competitive advantage.
#Promoted the “going-out” strategy of China’s high-end equipment manufacturing industry and executed “One Belt One Road” initiatives.
#Issued the medium- and long-term railway planning, namely, “eight vertical and eight horizontal” railway network planning.
Tab.2  Evolution of China’s high-speed rail industry
EMU trains (domestic player) Collaborative actors Mode Series of EMUs
Harmony electric CRH1 EMU (CSR) Qingdao Quartet of CSR—Bombardier (Canada)—Bauer Railway Transport Equipment Co., Ltd. Sino-foreign joint ventures CRH1A, CRH1B, CRH1E
Harmony electric CRH2 EMU (CSR) Kawasaki Heavy Industries and CSR Co-development CRH2A, CRH2B, CRH2E, CRH2G, CRH2C
Harmony electric CRH3 EMU (CNR) Germany’s Siemens and Tangshan Railway Passenger Train Co., Ltd. of CNR Co-development CRH3C
Harmony electric CRH5 EMU (CNR) Alstom of France and Changchun Railway Passenger Train Company of CNR Co-development CRH5A, CRH5G, CRH5E
Tab.3  Introduction and absorption of high-speed trains
Fig.1  CRH380A
Engineering projects Representative projects Descriptions
Bridge projects Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge #Important part of Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway and is the key channel in crossing the Yangtze River.
#The total length is 9273 m, with six-span continuous steel truss arch bridge.
#The maximum span between the main piers reaches 336 m, which is the world’s highest span among bridges that support 300 km/h high-speed transportation.
#Costs 300000 tons of steel and 1.26 million m2 of concrete to construct the bridge.
# Presented with George Richardson Award in 2012 by International Bridge Association, which is the top award within the global bridge engineering domain.
Bei Pan River Bridge #The first bridge of Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway.
#The main span reaches 445 m.
#World’s maximum span of reinforced concrete arch bridge and maximum span of high-speed rail bridge and achieved world record on rigid control of long span bridge.
#Completed and opened for operation on November 19, 2015.
Tunnel projects Xi’an–Chengdu Tunnel #Connecting the high-speed railway from Xi’an to Chengdu.
#Crossing 135 km Qinling Mountains. The total length of the tunnel is 127 km, covering six special tunnels with more than 10 km, in which Tianhua Mountain Tunnel is the longest.
Dadu Mountain Tunnel #Connecting Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway.
#The total length is 12 km, crossing special geological area, such as the karst geological area.
#The tunnel passes through limestone, mudstone, marl, sandstone, and other strata, including seven major geological faults, eight fracture zones, and four contact points of soluble and non-soluble rocks. Builders face 44 caves and 1 underground river, in which the largest cave measures 330000 m3.
Tab.4  Major bridge and tunnel projects for high-speed railway in China
Fig.2  Technological innovation system of CRRC
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