Jet-like features of Jiulongjiang River plume discharging into the west Taiwan Strait

doi:10.1007/s11707-013-0372-0

Front Earth Sci

0, Vol.

Issue () : 282-294 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-013-0372-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Jet-like features of Jiulongjiang River plume discharging into the west Taiwan Strait

Daifeng WANG¹, Quan’an ZHENG^1,2, Jianyu HU¹(

)

1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; 2. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

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Abstract

In-situ data from the summer cruise of 2010 in the west Taiwan Strait are used to study the spatial distribution of the Jiulongjiang River plume (JRP). The results show that in the 2 m layer, the JRP debouches into the west Taiwan Strait in the form of jets, with one branch through the Xiamen Bay (Xiamen JRP) and another through the channel between Jinmen and Weitou (JinWei JRP). Driven by the summer southwesterly monsoon, the upwelling-related Dongshan low temperature and high salinity water flows northeastward in the form of a jet as well. To a certain degree, the Dongshan low temperature and high salinity jet restricts the Xiamen JRP from spreading further offshore and drags the JinWei JRP northeastward at the same time. Meanwhile, a terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) distribution model on the basis of molecular collision theory in thermodynamics and statistical physics is applied to analyze the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) turbidity data. The correlation coefficient of the theoretical model to the MODIS turbidity data reaches 0.96 (significant at a 95% level of confidence). The result clarifies the dynamic mechanism for the turbidity distribution characteristics. It is the salinity in macro-scale that plays a decisive role in the turbidity variability in the coastal water. This suggests that the satellite-derived turbidity data can be used as an indicator to show the spreading patterns of the JRP. Based on the turbidity data from 2003 to 2011, we conclude that there are four main spreading patterns of the JRP.

Keywords Jiulongjiang River plume jet current terrestrial DOM MODIS data Taiwan Strait

Corresponding Author(s): HU Jianyu,Email:hujy@xmu.edu.cn

Issue Date: 05 September 2013

Cite this article:

Daifeng WANG,Quan’an ZHENG,Jianyu HU. Jet-like features of Jiulongjiang River plume discharging into the west Taiwan Strait[J]. Front Earth Sci, 0, (): 282-294.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-013-0372-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y0/V/I/282

Fig.1 Study area. Dots with codes represent CTD stations. Bathymetry units are in m. XZ, SH, WT, JM, XM, NB, WB, ZHJ and DS represent Xiangzhi, Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, North Brook, West Brook, Zhenghaijiao, and Dongshan, respectively.

Fig.2 Distributions of the salinity (a) and the temperature (b) at the depth of 2 m. Blue curve represents the 32 isohaline. Pentagrams represent the locations of points A (24.16°N, 118.00°E) and B (24.45°N, 118.79°E). Black bold line represents the general direction of coastlines. In this figure, XZ, SH, WT, JM, XM, JLJ, and ZHJ represent Xiangzhi, Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, the Jiulongjiang River, and Zhenghaijiao, respectively.

Fig.3 Distributions of the salinity at 7 m (a) and 10 m (b). Blue bold line represents the 32 isohaline. In this figure, XZ, SH, WT, JM, XM, JLJ, and ZHJ represent Xiangzhi, Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, the Jiulongjiang River and Zhenghaijiao, respectively.

Fig.4 A scheme of a two-dimensional jet flow (redrawn from )

Fig.5 An interpretation map of Fig. 2. Black solid dots represent stations. The blue solid dot represents an interpolation point. Lines of dots with codes represent transects. Arrows with codes represent axes of jets. The blue curve and red dashed curve represent 28.5 and 30.0 isohalines, respectively. The red solid curve and black curve are the boundary of Xiamen JRP and JinWei JRP, respectively. The purple curve represents the front general location of Dongshan low temperature and high salinity water. In the figure, XZ, SH, WT, JM, XM, JLJ, and ZHJ represent Xiangzhi, Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, the Jiulongjiang River, and Zhenhaijiao, respectively

Fig.6 Jet structures (curves) of velocity fields in 2 m layer. Circles represent the velocities at the stations. Asterisks represent velocities by interpolation. (a)-(f) are for transects of T0, T1, T2-1, T2-2, T3-1 and T3-2, respectively

Fig.7 Turbidity distribution derived from the MODIS observation on June 28, 2010. The black curve represents the axis of high turbidity. Point O is chosen as the origin. SH, WT, JM, XM, and ZHJ represent Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, and Zhenhaijiao, respectively

Fig.8 Salinity data fitting. Circles represent salinity at the stations. Square represents salinity by interpolation.

Fig.9 Turbidity index distribution along the -axis derived from the DOM distribution model (curves). The basic points and error bars are derived from the normalized MODIS turbidity by (0) on June 28, 2010. Three curves represent three cases of (0), including 50 NTU, 100 NTU and 500 NTU.

Fig.10 MODIS reanalyzed turbidity distribution displaying the status of jets formed by the JRP as Fig. 7 on August 29, 2003. SH, WT, JM, XM, and ZHJ represent Shenhu, Weitou, Jinmen, Xiamen, and Zhenhaijiao, respectively.

Fig.11 Turbidity representative distributions for the four extension patterns of JRP. (a)-(d) are those on August 17 of 2010, July 26 of 2011, July 16 of 2005 and August 28 of 2003, respectively, with corresponding occurrence probabilities as follow: 51%, 20%, 19% and 10%.

Fig.12 Average distributions of turbidity for the four extension patterns of JRP. (a)-(d) are those going northward along the coastline, extending northeastward and southwestward at the same time, just spreading out near the Xiamen Bay mouth and flowing northeastward offshore, respectively.

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