New insights into the origin of the bimodal volcanism in the middle Okinawa Trough: not a basalt-rhyolite differentiation process

doi:10.1007/s11707-017-0638-z

Front. Earth Sci.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (2) : 325-338 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-017-0638-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

New insights into the origin of the bimodal volcanism in the middle Okinawa Trough: not a basalt-rhyolite differentiation process

Yuxiang ZHANG^1,³, Zhigang ZENG^1,^2,³(

), Shuai CHEN¹, Xiaoyuan WANG^1,², Xuebo YIN¹

¹. Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity Laboratory of the Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
². Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
³. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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Abstract

In the middle Okinawa Trough (MOT), rhyolites have been typically considered as products of crystallization differentiation of basaltic magma as a feature of bimodal volcanism. However, the evidence is insufficient. This paper compared chemical trends of volcanic rocks from the MOT with fractional crystallization simulation models and experimental results and utilized trace element modeling combined with Rayleigh fractionation calculations to re-examine fractional crystallization processes in generating rhyolites. Both qualitative and quantitative studies indicate that andesites, rather than rhyolites, originate by fractional crystallization from basalts in the MOT. Furthermore, we established two batch-melting models for the MOT rhyolites and proposed that type 1 rhyolites are produced by remelting of andesites with amphiboles in the residue, while type 2 rhyolites are derived from remelting of andesites without residual amphiboles. It is difficult to produce melts with a SiO₂ content ranging from 62% to 68% either by magmatic differentiation from basalts or by remelting of andesites, and this difficulty might help account for the compositional gap (Daly gap) for bimodal volcanism in the Okinawa Trough.

Keywords Okinawa Trough rhyolite andesite remelting fractional crystallization

Corresponding Author(s): Zhigang ZENG

About author:

Miaojie Yang and Mahmood Brobbey Oppong contributed equally to this work.

Just Accepted Date: 28 March 2017 Online First Date: 24 April 2017 Issue Date: 09 May 2018

Cite this article:

Yuxiang ZHANG,Zhigang ZENG,Shuai CHEN, et al. New insights into the origin of the bimodal volcanism in the middle Okinawa Trough: not a basalt-rhyolite differentiation process[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2018, 12(2): 325-338.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-017-0638-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2018/V12/I2/325

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