Comparison of different chain <i>n</i>-fatty acids in modern plants on the Loess Plateau of China

doi:10.1007/s11707-019-0801-9

Front. Earth Sci.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (3) : 615-624 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-019-0801-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparison of different chain n-fatty acids in modern plants on the Loess Plateau of China

Jinzhao LIU^1,²(

), Zhisheng AN¹

¹. State key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an 710061, China
². School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

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Abstract

n-Fatty acids (n-FAs) are widely investigated in lake sediments, yet less attention has been given to soil sedimentary n-FAs primarily derived from terrestrial plants. In this study, we performed an analysis of n-FA distributions in modern plants on the Loess Plateau, China. It showed that n-FAs were generally dominated by n-C₁₆, and that short-chain (C₁₆–C₂₀), medium-chain (C₂₂–C₂₆) and long-chain (C₂₈–C₃₂) n-FAs accounted for 49.7%, 33.7% and 16.6%, respectively. The LTR (long-chain/total ratio), and medium-chain EOP (even/odd predominance) are likely to differentiate between dicots and monocots in modern plants. It is believed that this study will promote the paleo-application of soil sedimentary n-FAs on the Loess Plateau.

Keywords n-fatty acids terrestrial higher plants Chinese Loess Plateau

Corresponding Author(s): Jinzhao LIU

Online First Date: 17 January 2020 Issue Date: 04 December 2020

Cite this article:

Jinzhao LIU,Zhisheng AN. Comparison of different chain n-fatty acids in modern plants on the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2020, 14(3): 615-624.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-019-0801-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2020/V14/I3/615

Fig.1 Study site of Qiushui valley on the central Chinese Loess Plateau.

Species	Elev./m	Latitude	Longitude	Plant life forms	Plant types	ACL^a			EOP^b			Concentration/(μg·g⁻¹)
Species	Elev./m	Latitude	Longitude	Plant life forms	Plant types	Short	Medium	Long	Short	Medium	Long	Short	Medium	Long
Stipa bungeana	1299	36°01'06"N	108°06'00"E	Grass	Monocot	16.7	23.6	29.7	22.8	5.0	10.1	9.0	4.5	7.2
Artemisisa vestita	1299	36°01'06"N	108°06'00"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.1	23.6	28.8	26.7	10.0	18.6	19.0	18.0	4.0
Armeniaca sibirica	1299	36°01'06"N	108°06'00"E	Tree	Dicot	16.7	24.2	29.8	51.8	13.1	11.2	66.3	15.3	5.2
Bryophyte	1299	36°01'06"N	108°06'00"E	Moss		16.9	24.1	29.0	29.5	10.4	23.9	3.2	3.3	2.0
Stipa bungeana	1281	36°01'01"N	108°06'01"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.6	29.8	26.1	5.3	11.3	22.1	3.9	5.7
Artemisisa vestita	1281	36°01'01"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.6	23.6	28.8	32.0	10.5	9.7	15.4	14.1	2.5
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.	1281	36°01'01"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.9	24.4	29.1	34.1	10.5	4.1	4.2	14.7	4.8
Stipa bungeana	1266	36°01'08"N	108°06'01"E	Grass	Monocot	17.1	23.5	29.8	21.6	6.0	7.8	10.0	7.0	9.3
Artemisisa vestita	1266	36°01'08"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	18.9	23.4	28.8	32.5	15.5	13.3	5.1	13.3	1.5
Stipa bungeana	1252	36°01'10"N	108°05'59"E	Grass	Monocot	16.9	23.5	29.7	22.8	5.7	9.7	15.2	9.7	13.8
Artemisisa vestita	1252	36°01'10"N	108°05'59"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.8	23.4	29.2	9.5	11.7	4.4	10.2	26.9	5.7
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1252	36°01'10"N	108°05'59"E	Grass	Monocot	17.6	23.7	30.1	15.8	3.5	6.8	3.1	1.8	1.4
Stipa bungeana	1246	36°01'11"N	108°06'00"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.6	29.6	28.7	4.7	8.1	19.9	5.3	7.6
Artemisisa vestita	1246	36°01'11"N	108°06'00"E	Shrub	Dicot	19.1	23.8	29.3	15.2	12.6	5.0	1.7	11.6	3.4
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.	1246	36°01'11"N	108°06'00"E	Shrub	Dicot	16.7	23.9	28.5	59.5	25.3	4.0	59.1	27.2	15.2
Stipa bungeana	1230	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E	Grass	Monocot	16.7	24.4	30.0	56.8	11.1	9.8	50.6	16.2	4.9
Artemisisa vestita	1230	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.8	23.4	28.8	61.7	17.1	20.0	35.9	31.8	4.4
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.	1230	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	16.6	23.3	28.5	41.2	27.7	33.4	22.7	23.6	2.7
unidentified	1210	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E			16.8	23.9	29.0	37.7	5.5	9.4	37.0	12.6	4.5
Stipa bungeana	1210	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E	Grass	Monocot	17.1	23.4	29.6	20.9	7.1	5.6	10.2	8.2	6.7
Artemisisa vestita	1210	36°01'12"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.2	23.7	29.5	25.5	10.3	10.6	14.7	14.9	6.6
Stipa bungeana	1203	36°01'13"N	108°06'01"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.5	30.2	26.5	4.5	8.2	18.8	5.2	8.9
Artemisisa vestita	1203	36°01'13"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.1	23.8	28.7	11.6	10.0	10.1	5.5	10.8	2.4
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.	1203	36°01'13"N	108°06'01"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.0	24.0	29.3	20.9	12.8	10.0	15.0	24.1	2.3
Pteridophyta	1203	36°01'13"N	108°06'01"E			20.0	24.5	29.5		6.1	9.5	0.1	2.1	2.9
Stipa bungeana	1196	36°01'14"N	108°06'02"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.7	29.8	18.2	3.7	7.2	52.2	12.7	23.6
Artemisisa vestita	1196	36°01'14"N	108°06'02"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.0	23.5	28.9	30.4	13.4	29.4	19.1	10.1	2.6
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1257	36°01'14"N	108°06'15"E	Grass	Monocot	17.8	23.8	29.4	16.2	3.4	2.7	96.8	32.0	7.1
Artemisisa vestita	1257	36°01'14"N	108°06'15"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.1	23.4	29.1	9.4	14.6	14.8	97.4	54.4	14.3
Stipa bungeana	1257	36°01'14"N	108°06'15"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.5	29.6	22.5	4.8	4.9	91.1	16.5	31.4
Artemisisa vestita	1240	36°01'13"N	108°06'14"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.1	23.4	28.8	12.3	17.2	15.2	71.6	65.7	15.3
Ziziphus jujuba Mill.	1240	36°01'13"N	108°06'13"E	Shrub	Dicot	16.6	23.5	28.4	58.6	4.4	1.8	163.1	14.1	2.0
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1240	36°01'13"N	108°06'13"E	Grass	Monocot	17.5	23.6	29.9	14.6	3.4	1.6	69.9	20.8	6.2
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1225	36°01'14"N	108°06'12"E	Grass	Monocot	17.0	23.6	29.8	19.6	3.3	1.5	116.1	26.9	9.3
Artemisisa vestita	1225	36°01'14"N	108°06'12"E	Shrub	Dicot	16.9	23.4	29.3	23.9	12.5	9.8	101.5	62.3	22.7
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1214	36°01'14"N	108°06'11"E	Grass	Monocot	17.6	23.7	29.9	19.6	3.9	1.8	117.6	36.9	12.0
Bothriochloa ischaemum	1198	36°01'14"N	108°06'10"E	Grass	Monocot	17.4	23.5	30.4	17.2	3.3	1.2	82.1	22.3	11.4
Artemisisa	1198	36°01'14"N	108°06'10"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.5	23.3	29.1	41.0	16.4	3.6	72.9	43.8	8.7
unidentified	1198	36°01'14"N	108°06'10"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.1	22.7	29.7	74.2	14.4	5.8	146.2	25.1	5.3
Artemisisa	1195	36°01'13"N	108°06'10"E	Shrub	Dicot	17.4	23.5	28.9	11.8	18.8	16.3	113.1	124.5	19.1
Stipa capillata Linn.	1195	36°01'13"N	108°06'10"E	Grass	Monocot	16.5	23.4	29.6	19.2	4.7	5.1	168.3	38.9	42.3

Tab.1 Concentration and distributions of n-FAs in terrestrial higher plants on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Fig.2 Distributions of terrestrial n-FAs in modern plants on the Loess Plateau of China. The ratios of short-chain (C₁₆–C₂₀), medium-chain (C₂₁–C₂₆) and long-chain (C₂₇–C₃₂) to total n-FAs (C₁₆–C₃₂) were 49.7%, 33.7% and 16.6%, respectively. (Pink: short-chain; Yellow: medium-chain; Blue: Long-chain).

Fig.3 Distributions of n-FAs in dicots vs. monocots (a), dicots (b), monocots (c) and other groups (d). (Pink: short-chain; Yellow: medium-chain; Blue: Long-chain).

Fig.4 Comparison of different chain lengths (short-, medium- and long-chain) with regard to ACL (a), EOP (b) and concentration (c). Red boxes represent dicots, and green boxes indicate monocots. Each value is the mean of all samples±the standard deviation.

Fig.5 Ratios of long-chain to total n-FAs (LTR; a) and n-C₁₆ to total n-FAs (STR₁₆, b).

Fig.6 Log-log plots of n-FA concentrations vs. EOP for short- (a), medium- (b) and long-chain FAs (c), and ACL for short- (d), medium- (e) and long-chain FAs (f).

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