Evaluate HAA removal in biologically active carbon filters using the ICR database

doi:10.1007/s11783-011-0312-8

Front Envir Sci Eng Chin

2011, Vol. 5

Issue (4) : 489-496 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-011-0312-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Evaluate HAA removal in biologically active carbon filters using the ICR database

Hsin-hsin TUNG¹(

), Yuefeng F. XIE²

1. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, Taiwan University, Taipei 10673, China; 2. Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Middletown, PA 17057, USA

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Abstract

The effects of biologically active carbon (BAC) filtration on haloacetic acid (HAA) levels in plant effluents and distribution systems were investigated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Information Collection Rule (ICR) database. The results showed that average HAA5 concentrations in all locations were 20.4 μg·L^-1 and 29.6 μg·L^-1 in ICR plants with granular activated carbon (GAC) and ICR plants without GAC process, respectively. For plants without GAC, the highest HAA levels were observed in the quarters of April to June and July to September. However, for plants with GAC, the highest HAA levels were observed in the quarters of April to June and January to March. This HAA level profile inversely correlated well with water temperature, or biologic activity. For GAC plants, simulated distribution samples matched well with distribution system equivalent samples for Cl₃AA and THMs. For plants with and without GAC, simulated distribution samples overestimated readily biodegradable HAAs in distribution systems. The study indicated that through HAA biodegradation, GAC process plays an important role in lowering HAA levels in finished drinking water.

Keywords biologically active carbon (BAC) disinfection byproduct (DBP) granular activated carbon (GAC) haloacetic acid (HAA) Information Collection Rule (ICR)

Corresponding Author(s): TUNG Hsin-hsin,Email:htung@ntu.edu.tw

Issue Date: 05 December 2011

Cite this article:

Hsin-hsin TUNG,Yuefeng F. XIE. Evaluate HAA removal in biologically active carbon filters using the ICR database[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng Chin, 2011, 5(4): 489-496.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-011-0312-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2011/V5/I4/489

Tab.1 Average THM4, HAA5, and HAA9 concentrations for different locations /(μg·L)

Fig.1 Average (a) ClAA, (b) ClAA, and (c) THM4 concentrations from filter effluent [FIL] at each quarter

Fig.2 Average (a) ClAA, (b) BrAA, and (c) BrAA concentrations from filter effluent [FIL] at each quarter

Fig.3 Chloroform (CF), ClAA, ClAA levels in distribution system locations in (a) Quarter 1 and (b) Quarter 5

Fig.4 Average (a) ClAA, (b) ClAA, (c) chloroform concentrations for DSE and SDS samples in each quarter. -●- GAC_SDS; -○- no GAC_SDS; -?- GAC_DSE; -?- no GAC_DSE

Fig.5 Average THM4 and HAA5 concentrations from all distribution sample locations (FINISH, AVG1, AVG2, MAX) for plants with GAC and without GAC (no-GAC)

Tab.2 Ratio of HAA9/THM4 from all sample quarters

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