Preparation and application of a phosphorous free and non-nitrogen scale inhibitor in industrial cooling water systems

doi:10.1007/s11783-014-0657-x

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2015, Vol. 9

Issue (3) : 545-553 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-014-0657-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Preparation and application of a phosphorous free and non-nitrogen scale inhibitor in industrial cooling water systems

Guangqing LIU^1,²,Mengwei XUE^1,²,Jingyi HUANG¹,Huchuan WANG¹,Yuming ZHOU^1,^3,^*(

),Qingzhao YAO^1,³,Lei LING¹,Ke CAO¹,Yahui LIU¹,Yunyun BU¹,Yiyi CHEN¹,Wendao WU⁴,Wei SUN⁴

1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
2. School of Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China
3. Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing 211189, China
4. Jianghai Environmental Protection CO., Ltd., Changzhou 213116, China

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Abstract

A novel environmentally friendly type of calcium carbonate, zinc (II) and iron (III) scale inhibitor Acrylic acid- allylpolyethoxy carboxylate copolymer (AA-APEL) was synthesized. The anti-scale property of the AA-APEL toward CaCO₃, zinc (II) and iron (III) in the artificial cooling water was studied through static scale inhibition tests. The observation shows that both calcium carbonate, zinc (II) and iron (III) inhibition increase with increasing the dosage of AA-APEL. The effect on formation of CaCO₃ was investigated with combination of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis and fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The results showed that the AA-APEL copolymer not only influenced calcium carbonate crystal morphology and crystal size but also the crystallinity. The crystallization of CaCO₃ in the absence of inhibitor was rhombohedral calcite crystal, whereas a mixture of calcite with vaterite crystals was found in the presence of the AA-APEL copolymer. Inhibition mechanism is proposed that the interactions between calcium or iron ions and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the fundamental impetus to restrain the formation of the scale in cooling water systems.

Keywords phosphorous free calcium carbonate stabilize zinc (II) disperse iron (III) cooling water

Corresponding Author(s): Yuming ZHOU

Online First Date: 21 February 2014 Issue Date: 30 April 2015

Cite this article:

Guangqing LIU,Mengwei XUE,Jingyi HUANG, et al. Preparation and application of a phosphorous free and non-nitrogen scale inhibitor in industrial cooling water systems[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2015, 9(3): 545-553.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-014-0657-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2015/V9/I3/545

Fig.1 Scheme 1 Synthesis of APEL

Fig.2 Scheme 2 Synthesis of AA-APEL

Fig.3 FT-IR spectra of APEG, APEL and AA-APEL

Fig.4 Inhibition on CaCO₃ , zinc (II) and iron (III) as a function of AA-APEL dosage

Fig.5 Inhibition at a level of 8 mg·L^-1 AA-APEL as a function of solution Ca²⁺ concentration (a), H C O 3 - concentration (b), time (c), and Fe²⁺ concentration (d)

Tab.1 Calcium carbonate inhibition of the scale inhibitors

Tab.2 zinc (II) stabilization of the scale inhibitors

Tab.3 iron(III) dispersion of the scale inhibitors

Fig.6 (a) XRD pattern of the CaCO₃ crystals: (1) without the AA-APEL copolymer and (2) with the AA-APEL copolymer (b) FT-IR spectra of CaCO₃ precipitates: (1) in the absence of the AA-APEL copolymer and (2) in the presence of the AA-APEL copolymer

Fig.7 SEM images of calcium carbonate crystals (a) in the absence of AA-APEL copolymer; (b) in the presence of AA-APEL copolymer

Fig.8 TEM micrograph and diffraction pattern of CaCO₃ precipitates: (a) TEM micrograph in the absence of AA-APEL copolymer; (b) diffraction pattern in the absence of AA-APEL copolymer; (c) TEM micrograph in the presence of AA-APEL copolymer; (d) diffraction pattern in the presence of AA-APEL copolymer

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