Performance evaluation on the pollution control against wet weather overflow based on on-site coagulation/flocculation in terminal drainage pipes

doi:10.1007/s11783-021-1400-z

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2021, Vol. 15

Issue (6) : 111 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-021-1400-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Performance evaluation on the pollution control against wet weather overflow based on on-site coagulation/flocculation in terminal drainage pipes

Zongqun Chen¹, Wei Jin¹(

), Hailong Yin¹, Mengqi Han¹, Zuxin Xu^1,²

¹. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
². Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China

Download: PDF(1512 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

• A way for overflow control based on on-site coagulation/flocculation was proposed.

• Coagulant and flocculant dose were optimized based on pollutant removal performance.

• Settling time of 5 min is enough in a proper transmission distance.

• Fast removal of particulate pollutants could be achieved under varied flow.

The pollution caused by wet weather overflow in urban drainage systems is a main factor causing blackening an odorization of urban rivers. The conventional overflow treatment based on coagulation/flocculation in terminal drainage systems requires relatively large space and long retention time demand that makes it not applicable in crowded urban drainage systems or under heavy rains. On-site coagulation/flocculation in terminal drainage pipes was proposed in this study which was aimed to transfer the coagulation/flocculation process to the inside of pipes at the terminal drainage system to save space and reduce the retention time of the coagulation/flocculation process. The optimized dose of chemicals was studied first which was 80 mg/L of coagulant and 0.8 mg/L of flocculant. Settling for only 5 min can remove most of the pollutants at 406.5 m of transmission distance. In addition, the relation of wet weather overflow rate and concentration of pollution load on the on-site coagulation/flocculation process was investigated, which indicated that high removal of pollutant was gained at a large range of flow velocity and pollutant concentration. Finally, the study confirmed electric neutralization, bridging, and net capture as the major mechanisms in this process, and further optimization was proposed. The proposed process can reduce much turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, and total phosphorous, but hardly remove soluble ammonia and organics. This work provides scientific guidance to address wet weather overflow in terminal drainage pipes.

Keywords Wet weather overflow On-site coagulation/flocculation Fast removal of particulate pollutants

Corresponding Author(s): Wei Jin

Issue Date: 11 February 2021

Cite this article:

Zongqun Chen,Wei Jin,Hailong Yin, et al. Performance evaluation on the pollution control against wet weather overflow based on on-site coagulation/flocculation in terminal drainage pipes[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(6): 111.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-021-1400-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2021/V15/I6/111

Fig.1 The concept diagram of on-site coagulation/flocculation treatment of wet weather overflow in terminal drainage pipes.

Fig.2 Removals of turbidity, TCOD, TP and NH₄⁺-N in simulated wastewater at different dosage of coagulant and flocculant (The mass ratio of PAS and APAM was 100:1. SS, turbidity, TCOD, TP and NH₄⁺-N concentrations of original simulated water were 372.5 mg/L, 126.6 NTU, 334.0 mg/L, 3.28 mg/L and 13.43 mg/L).

Fig.3 The removal rates of turbidity (a), TCOD (b) and TP (c) with different reaction time (axis X) and settling time (axis Y) (flow velocity= 1.13 m/s; orange, green, blue, red and yellow dots refer to removal rates of pollutants at 2 min, 4 min, 6 min, 8 min and 10 min of reaction time respectively. SS, turbidity, TCOD, SCOD, TP and NH₄⁺-N of the original simulated water were 436–487 mg/L, 170.2–199.5 NTU, 321.0–369.0 mg/L, 118.0–133.0 mg/L, 3.97–4.30 mg/L and 12.96–14.31 mg/L; and pH was 7.22–7.53).

Fig.4 The changes of turbidity (a), TCOD (b), TP (c), and NH₄⁺-N (d) before and after reaction at different flow velocities and corresponding removal rates (The initial concentration of SS, turbidity, TCOD, SCOD, TP and NH₄⁺-N were in the range of 456–497 mg/L, 165.8–186.3 NTU, 377.0–440.0 mg/L, 136.0–142.0 mg/L, 2.73–3.42 mg/L and 10.40–11.63 mg/L, and pH was at 7.44–7.65).

Fig.5 The changes of turbidity (a), TCOD (b), and TP (c) before and after reaction at different pollutant concentrations and the corresponding removal rates (SS, turbidity, TCOD, SCOD, TP and NH₄⁺-N of the initial simulated water were in the range of 210.0–1618.0 mg/L, 95.7–701 NTU, 229.0–1035.0 mg/L, 136.0–151.0 mg/L, 3.10–5.88 mg/L and 10.61–11.50 mg/L, and the pH was at 7.44–7.75).

Fig.6 (a) Changes of zeta potential and pH, and (b) removal rates of turbidity, TCOD and TP at different PAS dosages (the mass ratio of PAS and APAM was 100:1).

Fig.7 Volume equivalent D50 and average particle diameter after adding different doses of APAM. (a)–(e) are the flocs formed with dose of APAM of SS0–2 mg/L (PAS was 100 mg/L).

1	A Ariffin, M S Musa, M B H Othman, M A A Razali, F Yunus (2014). Effects of various fillers on anionic polyacrylamide systems for treating kaolin suspensions. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 441: 306–311 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.09.021
2	P A M Bachand, S M Bachand, S E Lopus, A Heyvaert, I Werner (2010). Treatment with chemical coagulants at different dosing levels changes ecotoxicity of stormwater from the Tahoe basin, California, USA. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 45(2): 137–154
3	A E Barbosa, J N Fernandes, L M David (2012). Key issues for sustainable urban stormwater management. Water Research, 46(20): 6787–6798 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.05.029
4	J Cao, Q Sun, D Zhao, M Xu, Q Shen, D Wang, Y Wang, S Ding (2020). A critical review of the appearance of black-odorous waterbodies in China and treatment methods. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 385: 121511 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121511
5	A Casadio, M Maglionico, A Bolognesi, S Artina (2010). Toxicity and pollutant impact analysis in an urban river due to combined sewer overflows loads. Water Science and Technology, 61(1): 207–215 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.809
6	P Du, X Li, Y Yang, X Fan, T Zhang, N Wang, H Li, S Ji, Z Zhou (2020). Effect of rapid-mixing conditions on the evolution of micro-flocs to final aggregates during two-stage alum addition. Environmental Technology, 0: 1–10 https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2020.1723710
7	A S El-Gendy, J G Li, N Biswas (2008). Treatment of combined sewer overflow using retention treatment basin assisted with polymer chemical coagulation. Water Environment Research, 80(9): 774–783 https://doi.org/10.2175/106143007X22096
8	A G El Samrani, B S Lartiges, F Villiéras (2008). Chemical coagulation of combined sewer overflow: Heavy metal removal and treatment optimization. Water Research, 42(4–5): 951–960 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.09.009
9	R Gandhi, A K Ray, V K Sharma, G Nakhla (2014). Treatment of combined sewer overflows using ferrate (VI). Water Environment Research, 86(11): 2202–2211 https://doi.org/10.2175/106143014X14062131178475
10	J Gasperi, B Laborie, V Rocher (2012). Treatment of combined sewer overflows by ballasted flocculation: Removal study of a large broad spectrum of pollutants. Chemical Engineering Journal, 211–212: 293–301 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.09.025
11	R W Gensemer, R C Playle (1999). The bioavailability and toxicity of aluminum in aquatic environments. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 29(4): 315–450 https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389991259245
12	S Ghorai, A Sarkar, A B Panda, S Pal (2013). Evaluation of the flocculation characteristics of polyacrylamide grafted xanthan gum/silica hybrid nanocomposite. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 52(29): 9731–9740 https://doi.org/10.1021/ie400550m
13	S Gu, F Lian, K Yan, W Zhang (2019). Application of polymeric ferric sulfate combined with cross-frequency magnetic field in the printing and dyeing wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology, 80(8): 1562–1570 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.401
14	E Guibelin, F Delsalle, P Binot (1994). The actiflo® process: A highly compact and efficient process to prevent water pollution by stormwater flows. Water Science and Technology, 30(1): 87–96 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0009
15	A Hannouche, G Chebbo, G Ruban, B Tassin, B J Lemaire, C Joannis (2011). Relationship between turbidity and total suspended solids concentration within a combined sewer system. Water Science and Technology, 64(12): 2445–2452 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.779
16	B Heinzmann (1994). Coagulation and flocculation of stormwater from a separate sewer system: A new possibility for enhanced treatment. Water Science and Technology, 29(12): 267–278 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0624
17	D Hu, C Zhang, B Ma, Z Liu, X Yang, L Yang (2020). The characteristics of rainfall runoff pollution and its driving factors in Northwest semiarid region of China: A case study of Xi’an. Science of the Total Environment, 726: 138384 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138384
18	R Jiao, R Fabris, C W K Chow, M Drikas, J Van Leeuwen, D Wang, Z Xu (2017). Influence of coagulation mechanisms and floc formation on filterability. Journal of Environmental Sciences-China, 57: 338–345 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.01.006
19	D Jolis, M L Ahmad (2004). Evaluation of high-rate clarification for wet-weather-only treatment facilities. Water Environment Research, 76(5): 474–480 https://doi.org/10.2175/106143004X151563
20	S Kumar, A A Kazmi, N C Ghosh, V Kumar, A Rajpal (2019). Urban stormwater runoff treatment of Nainital Lake’s catchment: An application of ballasted sand flocculation technology. Water Supply, 19(4): 1017–1025 https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.148
21	M Lapointe, B Barbeau (2016). Characterization of ballasted flocs in water treatment using microscopy. Water Research, 90: 119–127 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.12.018
22	J G Li, H Horneck, D Averill, J A Mccorquodale, N Biswas (2004). High-rate retention treatment basins for CSO control in Windsor, Ontario. Water Quality Research Journal, 39(4): 449–456 https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2004.056
23	W Lin, M Y li, F Gang, M F Zhao (2009). The preparation of polyaluminum sulfate and its coagulative performance. Journal of Jinan University, 30(3): 277–281 (in Chinese)
24	Y Liu, L Hou, W Bian, B Zhou, D Liang, J Li (2020). Turbidity in combined sewer sewage: An identification of stormwater detention tanks. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9): 3053 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093053
25	S E Lopus, P A M Bachand, A C Heyvaert, I Werner, S J Teh, J E Reuter (2009). Potential toxicity concerns from chemical coagulation treatment of stormwater in the Tahoe basin, California, USA. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72(7): 1933–1941 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.04.004
26	K L Morrissey, B D Fairbanks, D S Bull, M P Stoykovich, C N Bowman (2020). Flocculation behavior and mechanisms of block copolymer architectures on silica microparticle and Chlorella vulgaris systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 567: 316–327 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.001
27	J P Nickel, S Fuchs (2019). Micropollutant emissions from combined sewer overflows. Water Science and Technology, 80(11): 2179–2190 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.035
28	J Passerat, N K Ouattara, J M Mouchel, V Rocher, P Servais (2011). Impact of an intense combined sewer overflow event on the microbiological water quality of the Seine River. Water Research, 45(2): 893–903 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.024
29	H Rügner, M Schwientek, B Beckingham, B Kuch, P Grathwohl (2013). Turbidity as a proxy for total suspended solids (TSS) and particle facilitated pollutant transport in catchments. Environmental Earth Sciences, 69(2): 373–380 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2307-1
30	J J Sansalone, J Y Kim (2008). Suspended particle destabilization in retained urban stormwater as a function of coagulant dosage and redox conditions. Water Research, 42(4–5): 909–922 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.08.037
31	X Wang, W Song, N Li, J Lu, X Niu, Y Ma, J Ding, M Wang (2020). Ultraviolet-B radiation of Haematococcus pluvialis for enhanced biological contact oxidation pretreatment of black odorous water in the symbiotic system of algae and bacteria. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 157: 107553 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2020.107553
32	M Weyand, M Dohmann, D Fries, H Ilchmann (1993). Reduction of combined sewer overflow quality by application of the coagulation process. Water Science and Technology, 27(5–6): 145–152 https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0494
33	J Wood, S Dhanvantari, M Yang, Q Rochfort, P Chessie, J Marsalek, S Kok, P Seto (2004). Feasibility of stormwater treatment by conventional and lamellar settling with and without polymeric flocculant addition. Water Quality Research Journal, 39(4): 406–416
34	T I Yoon, C G Kim (2008). Case studies on rapid coagulation processes to cope with total emission controls. Desalination, 231(1–3): 290–296 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.10.033
35	S Zgheib, R Moilleron, G Chebbo (2012). Priority pollutants in urban stormwater: Part 1: Case of separate storm sewers. Water Research, 46(20): 6683–6692 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.012
36	Z Zhao, W Sun, M B Ray, A K Ray, T Huang, J Chen (2019). Optimization and modeling of coagulation-flocculation to remove algae and organic matter from surface water by response surface methodology. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 13(5): 75 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1159-7
37	H L Zheng, J Y Ma, F Y Ji, X M Tang, W Chen, J R Zhu, Y Liao, M Z Tan (2013). Synthesis and application of anionic polyacrylamide in water treatment. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(13): 7071–7074 https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.15144

[1]

FSE-20177-OF-CZQ_suppl_1

Download

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed