Toxicity mechanisms of photodegraded polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics on pea seedlings

doi:10.1007/s11783-024-1809-2

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2024, Vol. 18

Issue (4) : 49 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1809-2

Toxicity mechanisms of photodegraded polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics on pea seedlings

Hao Wu, Beibei He, Bocheng Chen, An Liu(

)

College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

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Abstract

● Photodegraded polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics (PVC-NPs) inhibited pea seedlings’ growth.

● Photodegraded PVC-NPs resulted in damage of leaf stomata and roots.

● Photodegraded PVC-NPs influenced protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum.

● Photodegraded PVC-NPs influenced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.

Nanoplasctics (NPs), which are very small in particle size, exert toxic effect to organisms. Additionally, compared to original NPs, photodegraded NPs would pose higher toxicity. This is because their relatively higher specific surface areas and the presence of additives which can more easily leach. How original NPs and aged NPs affect plant growth has not been widely investigated. This work chose polyvinyl chloride NPs (PVC-NPs) that were subjected to up to 1000 h UV light radiation to explore the impact of PVC-NPs on the growth of pea seedlings (Pisum Sativum L.). The results indicated the existence of PVC-NPs with longer UV light radiation time and higher concentrations had more negative influences on pea seedlings’ growth such as germination rate (decreased by 10.6%–22.5%), stem length (decreased by 2.8%–8.1%), dry weight (decreased by 6.3%–7.1%) and fresh weight (decreased by 6.7%–14.8%). It was also noted that photodegraded PVC-NPs resulted in damage to leaf stomata and roots, hindering photosynthesis and absorption of nutrients and hence the decrease in chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents. According to transcriptomic investigation results, the presence of aged PVC-NPs primarily influenced protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (upregulated metabolic pathway) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (downregulated metabolic pathway) of pea seedlings. These results provide an in-depth understanding of how NPs influence the growth of plants.

Keywords Nanoplasctics Polyvinyl chloride Toxicity mechanisms Plant growth

Corresponding Author(s): An Liu

Issue Date: 10 January 2024

Cite this article:

Hao Wu,Beibei He,Bocheng Chen, et al. Toxicity mechanisms of photodegraded polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics on pea seedlings[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2024, 18(4): 49.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-024-1809-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2024/V18/I4/49

Fig.1 SEM images of PVC-NPs which received UV light radiation.

Fig.2 Growth parameters of pea seedlings exposed to PVC-NPs (Note: Different letters mean that there are significant differences between different groups at P < 0.05 while the same letter means that there are not significant difference. (a) Germination rate; (b) stem length; (c) root length; (d) dry weight; (e) fresh weight; (f) water content).

Fig.3 SEM images of pea seedling leaves ((a) blank group; (b) 1000 h-50 mg/L group; (c) 0 h-100 mg/L group; (d) 1000 h-100 mg/L group).

Fig.4 SEM images of pea seedling roots ((a) blank group; (b) 500 h-10 mg/L group; (c) 0 h-100 mg/L group; (d) 1000 h-50 mg/L group).

Fig.5 (a) Chlorophyll and (b) soluble sugar content of pea seedlings exposed to PVC-NPs (Note: Different letters mean that there are significant differences between different groups at P < 0.05 while the same letter means that there are not significant difference).

Fig.6 Network diagram of protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathways.

Fig.7 Network diagram of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways.

Fig.8 Toxicity mechanisms of photodegraded PVC-NPs on pea seedlings.

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FSE-23108-of-WH_suppl_1

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[1]	Yuehui WU, Guoliang WANG, Zhen WANG, Yi LIU, Ping GU, Dezhi SUN. Comparative study on the efficiency and environmental impact of two methods of utilizing polyvinyl chloride waste based on life cycle assessments[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2014, 8(3): 451-462.

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