Generation of runoff characteristics over three time periods for four typical forests in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City, southwest China

doi:10.1007/s11461-009-0025-3

Front Fore Chin

2009, Vol. 4

Issue (2) : 171-177 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11461-009-0025-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Generation of runoff characteristics over three time periods for four typical forests in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City, southwest China

Xiaoyuan CHU¹(

), Yujie WANG¹, Yiping XIA², Yun WU², Lin CHEN²

1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Management Bureau of Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve, Chongqing 400700, China

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Abstract

In order to provide a basis for water conservation in the restoration of vegetation for an urban water resource area, we studied the generation of runoff characteristics in four typical forests over three time periods in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City, based on the observation data of rainfall and runoff processes during the period 2002-2005. The results show that: 1) Rainfall was distributed evenly during the years 2002-2005. Annual rainfall variability was 4.46% and coefficient of variation was 0.0618. Average monthly rainfall tended towards a normal distribution N (113.8, 4597²). 2) Both precipitation and runoff can be clearly divided into a dry and a wet season. The dry season was from October to March and the wet season from April to September. Most of annual runoff of the four forest stands occurred in the wet season. The surface runoff in the wet season accounted for more than 85% of the annual runoff, and more than 75% of underground runoff. 3) Both peak values of surface runoff and underground runoff occurred in June. The relation between monthly rainfall and surface/underground runoff was fitted by the model W=aP2+bP+c. The order of annual surface runoff was as follows: Phyllostachys pubescens forest > shrub forest > mixed Pinus massoniana-broadleaf forest > evergreen broad-leaved forest. The annual underground runoff was evergreen broad-leaved forest > mixed Pinus massoniana-broadleaf forest >Phyllostachys pubescens forest > shrub forest. 4) Under similar rainstorms events, the order of the surface runoff coefficient was: evergreen broad-leaved forest < mixed Pinus massoniana-broadleaf forest < shrub forest < Phyllostachys pubescens forest. The underground runoff coefficient was: evergreen broad-leaved forest > mixed Pinus massoniana-broadleaf forest >Phyllostachys pubescens forest > shrub forest. The relation between rainstorms and surface runoff was fitted by the linear relationship: Q=mp-n. Both mixed Pinus massoniana-broadleaf forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest have better flood regulation effects on an annual and monthly basis and per individual rainstorm. The function of Phyllostachys pubescens forest is the worst on all three bases.

Keywords Jinyun Mountain time periods runoff characteristics

Corresponding Author(s): CHU Xiaoyuan,Email:chuxiaoyuan126@126.com

Issue Date: 05 June 2009

Cite this article:

Xiaoyuan CHU,Yujie WANG,Yiping XIA, et al. Generation of runoff characteristics over three time periods for four typical forests in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City, southwest China[J]. Front Fore Chin, 2009, 4(2): 171-177.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/ffc/EN/10.1007/s11461-009-0025-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/ffc/EN/Y2009/V4/I2/171

Tab.1 Standard basic information of typical stands

Tab.2 Species composition of typical stands

Tab.3 Monthly distribution of rainfall in Jinyun Mountain during 2002–2005

Fig.1 Graph of normal distribution and average monthly rainfall

Fig.2 Rainfall and runoff in dry and wet seasons. a: surface runoff; b: underground runoff.

Fig.3 Changes in runoff from different forest types. a: surface runoff; b: underground runoff.

Tab.4 Relations of monthly rainfall and monthly runoff

Tab.5 Characteristics of mean runoffs after 25 rainstorms of typical stands in study area

Tab.6 Relations between rainstorm and runoff

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[1]	CHENG Chen, WANG Yujie, WANG Yunqi, PAN Yujuan. Soil fractal features of typical forest stands in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City, Southwest China[J]. Front. For. China, 2007, 2(4): 429-435.

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