Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine

doi:10.1007/s11708-021-0812-6

Front. Energy

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (6) : 900-915 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0812-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine

Chun XIA, Tingyu ZHAO, Junhua FANG(

), Lei ZHU(

), Zhen HUANG

Key laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

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Abstract

Due to increasingly stringent fuel consumption and emission regulation, improving thermal efficiency and reducing particulate matter emissions are two main issues for next generation gasoline engine. Lean burn mode could greatly reduce pumping loss and decrease the fuel consumption of gasoline engines, although the burning rate is decreased by higher diluted intake air. In this study, dual injection stratified combustion mode is used to accelerate the burning rate of lean burn by increasing the fuel concentration near the spark plug. The effects of engine control parameters such as the excess air coefficient (Lambda), direct injection (DI) ratio, spark interval with DI, and DI timing on combustion, fuel consumption, gaseous emissions, and particulate emissions of a dual injection gasoline engine are studied. It is shown that the lean burn limit can be extended to Lambda= 1.8 with a low compression ratio of 10, while the fuel consumption can be obviously improved at Lambda= 1.4. There exists a spark window for dual injection stratified lean burn mode, in which the spark timing has a weak effect on combustion. With optimization of the control parameters, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) decreases 9.05% more than that of original stoichiometric combustion with DI as 2 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at a 2000 r/min engine speed. The NO_x emissions before three-way catalyst (TWC) are 71.31% lower than that of the original engine while the particle number (PN) is 81.45% lower than the original engine. The dual injection stratified lean burn has a wide range of applications which can effectively reduce fuel consumption and particulate emissions. The BSFC reduction rate is higher than 5% and the PN reduction rate is more than 50% with the speed lower than 2400 r/min and the load lower than 5 bar.

Keywords dual injection stratified lean burn gasoline engine particulate matter emission combustion analysis

Corresponding Author(s): Junhua FANG,Lei ZHU

Online First Date: 10 January 2022 Issue Date: 17 January 2023

Cite this article:

Chun XIA,Tingyu ZHAO,Junhua FANG, et al. Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine[J]. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(6): 900-915.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-021-0812-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2022/V16/I6/900

Tab.1 Test engine specification

Fig.1 Dual injection engine system and test bench.

Tab.2 Physical parameters of fuel

Tab.3 Test conditions

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of dual injection stratified lean burn.

Fig.3 Effect of Lambda on combustion pressure and combustion heat release rate at different DI ratios.

Fig.4 Effect of Lambda on combustion phase and combustion duration at different DI ratios.

Fig.5 Effect of Lambda on BSFC and ΔBSFC at different DI ratios.

Fig.6 Effect of Lambda on gaseous emissions at different DI ratios.

Fig.7 Effect of Lambda on particle size distribution at different DI ratios.

Fig.8 Effect of Lambda on GMD and PM at different DI ratios.

Fig.9 Effect of Lambda on mode ratio and PN at different DI ratios.

Fig.10 Effect of spark timing on combustion pressure and combustion heat release rate in stratified lean burn.

Fig.11 Effect of DI timing on combustion pressure and combustion heat release rate at different DI ratios.

Fig.12 Effect of DI timing on combustion phase and combustion duration at different DI ratios.

Fig.13 Effect of DI timing on BSFC and ΔBSFC at different DI ratios.

Fig.14 Effect of DI timing on gaseous emissions at different DI ratios.

Fig.15 Effect of DI timing on particle size distribution at different DI ratios.

Fig.16 Effect of DI timing on mode ratio and PN at different DI ratios.

Fig.17 Effect of DI timing on GMD and PM at different DI ratios.

Fig.18 Roadmap of optimal control strategy for dual injection stratified lean burn.

Fig.19 Optimization of PN and BSFC at different speeds and loads.

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