Please wait a minute...
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering

ISSN 2095-0233

ISSN 2095-0241(Online)

CN 11-5984/TH

Postal Subscription Code 80-975

2018 Impact Factor: 0.989

Front. Mech. Eng.    2019, Vol. 14 Issue (4) : 422-433    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-019-0552-z
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Optimization of remanufacturing process routes oriented toward eco-efficiency
Hong PENG(), Han WANG, Daojia CHEN
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Academy of Green Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
 Download: PDF(1311 KB)   HTML
 Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks
Abstract

Remanufacturing route optimization is crucial in remanufacturing production because it exerts a considerable impact on the eco-efficiency (i.e., the best link between economic and environmental benefits) of remanufacturing. Therefore, an optimization model for remanufacturing process routes oriented toward eco-efficiency is proposed. In this model, fault tree analysis is used to extract the characteristic factors of used products. The ICAM definition method is utilized to design alternative remanufacturing process routes for the used products. Afterward, an eco-efficiency objective function model is established, and simulated annealing (SA) particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to select the manufacturing process route with the best eco-efficiency. The proposed model is then applied to the remanufacturing of a used helical cylindrical gear, and optimization of the remanufacturing process route is realized by MATLAB programming. The proposed model’s feasibility is verified by comparing the model’s performance with that of standard SA and PSO.

Keywords remanufacturing      process route optimization      eco-efficiency      simulated particle swarm optimization algorithm      IDEF0     
Corresponding Author(s): Hong PENG   
Just Accepted Date: 11 September 2019   Online First Date: 17 October 2019    Issue Date: 02 December 2019
 Cite this article:   
Hong PENG,Han WANG,Daojia CHEN. Optimization of remanufacturing process routes oriented toward eco-efficiency[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2019, 14(4): 422-433.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fme/EN/10.1007/s11465-019-0552-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fme/EN/Y2019/V14/I4/422
Fig.1  Remanufacturing process route optimization flowchart.
Fig.2  Characteristic factors of used products.
Fig.3  IDEF0 for the design of remanufacturing process routes.
Fig.4  Implementation of SAPSO.
Fig.5  Flowchart of remanufacturing process route optimization based on SAPSO.
Fig.6  Characteristic factor analysis of the used helical cylindrical gear. (F1, M1, C1, P1), (F2, M2, C2, P2), and (F3, M3, C3, P3) denote (moderate wear, cast iron, 46HRC, IT7), (moderate crack, cast iron, 50HRC, IT5), and (mild crack, cast iron, 46HRC, IT7), respectively.
Fig.7  IDEF0 for remanufacturing process route design of the used helical cylindrical gear.
Code Process route
R1 01→02→03→04→05→06
R2 06→02→03→04→05→01
R3 01→06→03→04→05→02
R4 05→02→03→04→01→06
R5 01→05→03→04→02→06
R6 01→03→04→02→05→06
R7 06→03→04→02→05→01
R8 01→06→05→03→04→02
R9 05→02→01→06→03→04
R10 01→05→02→06→03→04
Tab.1  Optional process route information of the used helical cylindrical gear
Fig.8  Used cylindrical helical gear (a) before and (b) after remanufacturing.
Algorithm Process route Maximum iterations Optimal eco-efficiency value
SAPSO 05→02→03→04→01→06 32 13.379
PSO 01→02→03→04→05→06 54 11.105
SA 01→05→02→06→03→04 77 12.868
Tab.2  Optimization results of algorithms
Fig.9  Convergence curve of (a) SA, (b) PSO, and (c) SAPSO.
Equipment code Equipment name Equipment type Manufacturer Power/kW Cost/(RMB?h–1)
E-001 (T-001) Microelectronic component automated spot welder WL-C-1K Guangdong Huashi Technology Co., Ltd. 1.52 1.73
E-002 (T-002) Pulse fast cold and spot welding equipment SDHB-2 Shanghai Shanda Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 1.50 1.82
E-003 (T-003) Digital automatic surface grinder M820AHS Yancheng Dafeng District Ruihua Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 14.5 11.0
E-004 Hydraulic internal and external cylindrical grinding machine M1420H/F×500 Shanghai Zhouying Machine Tool Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 9.00 6.3
E-005 Circling turning blade CNC grinding equipment EMGE-SKMDJ Suzhou Yimai Trading Co., Ltd. 3.40 4.1
E-006 (T-004) Horizontal lathe CA6180C Tengzhou Luzhong Machine Tool Co., Ltd. 1.80 2.1
  Table A1 Mechanical equipment information for the remanufacturing process
Tool number Tool type Tool specification Cost/(CNY?h–1)
T-001 Offset tool α=90° 3.2
T-002 Grooving tool d=12 mm 4.5
T-003 Cornish bit d=110 mm 4.2
T-004 Screw cutting tool α=45° 5.5
  Table A2 Tool information for the remanufacturing process
1 B S Xu. Innovation and development of remanufacturing with Chinese characteristics for a new era. China Surface Engineering, 2018, 31(1): 1–6 (in Chinese)
https://doi.org/10.11933/j.issn.1007-9289.20180131002
2 B S Xu, E Z Li, H D Zheng, et al.. The remanufacturing industry and its development strategy in China. Engineering and Science, 2017, 19(3): 61–65 (in Chinese)
https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.009
3 H Liao, Y Shi, X Liu, et al.. A non-probabilistic model of carbon footprints in remanufacture under multiple uncertainties. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 211: 1127–1140
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.218
4 N Shen, H Liao, R Deng, et al.. Different types of environmental regulations and the heterogeneous influence on the environmental total factor productivity: Empirical analysis of China’s industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 211: 171–184
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.170
5 H Liao, Q Deng. A carbon-constrained EOQ model with uncertain demand for remanufactured products. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 199, 334–347
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.108
6 H Behret, A Korugan. Performance analysis of a hybrid system under quality impact of returns. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2009, 56(2): 507–520
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2007.11.001
7 J Quariguasi-Frota-Neto, J Bloemhof. An analysis of the eco-efficiency of remanufactured personal computers and mobile phones. Production and Operations Management, 2012, 21(1): 101–114
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-5956.2011.01234.x
8 C B Li, Y Feng, Y B Du, et al.. Decision-making method for used components remanufacturing process plan based on modified FNN. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2016, 22(3): 729–737 (in Chinese)
https://doi.org/10.13196/j.cims.2016.03.016
9 P Golinska-Dawson, M Kosacka, R Mierzwiak, et al.et al.The mixed method for sustainability assessment of remanufacturing process using grey decision making. In: Golinska-Dawson P, Kübler F, eds. Sustainability in Remanufacturing Operations. EcoProduction (Environmental Issues in Logistics and Manufacturing). Cham: Springer, 2018, 125–139 doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60355-1_9
10 R Subramoniam, D Huisingh, R B Chinnam, et al.. Remanufacturing decision-making framework (RDMF): Research validation using the analytical hierarchical process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2013, 40: 212–220
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.09.004
11 H Wang, Z G Jiang, X G Zhang, et al.. A fault feature characterization based method for remanufacturing process planning optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 161: 708–719
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.178
12 Z G Jiang, Y Jiang, Y Wang, et al.. A hybrid approach of rough set and case-based reasoning to remanufacturing process planning. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 2019, 30(1): 19–32
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-016-1231-0
13 M Yazdi, F Nikfar, M Nasrabadi. Failure probability analysis by employing fuzzy fault tree analysis. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 2017, 8(Suppl 2): 1177–1193
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13198-017-0583-y
14 C L Ang, M Luo, L P Khoo, et al.. A knowledge-based approach to the generation of IDEF0 models. International Journal of Production Research, 1997, 35(5): 1385–1412
https://doi.org/10.1080/002075497195380
15 Z Jiang, T Zhou, H Y Zhang, et al.. Reliability and cost optimization for remanufacturing process planning. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 135(4): 1602–1610
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.037
16 X G Zhang, H Zhang, Z G Jiang, et al.. An integrated model for remanufacturing process route decision. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2015, 28(5): 451–459
https://doi.org/10.1080/0951192X.2014.880804
17 U Schaltegger, U Krähenbühl. Heavy rare-earth element enrichment in granites of the Aar Massif (Central Alps, Switzerland). Chemical Geology, 1990, 89(1–2): 49–63
https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(90)90059-G
18 S Schmidheiny. Changing Course: A Global Business Perspective on Development and the Environment. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992
19 J Huisman, A L N Stevels, I Stobbe. Eco-efficiency considerations on the end-of-life of consumer electronic products. IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, 2009, 27(1): 9–25 doi:10.1109/TEPM.2004.832214
20 A Kicherer, S Schaltegger, H Tschochohei, et al.. Eco-efficiency. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2007, 12(7): 537–543
https://doi.org/10.1065/lca2007.01.305
21 J Derwall, N Guenster, R Bauer, et al.. The eco-efficiency premium puzzle. Financial Analysts Journal, 2005, 61(2): 51–63
https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v61.n2.2716
22 W Kerr, C Ryan. Eco-efficiency gains from remanufacturing: A case study of photocopier remanufacturing at Fuji Xerox Australia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2001, 9(1): 75–81
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(00)00032-9
23 M R Bonyadi, Z Michalewicz. Particle swarm optimization for single objective continuous space problems: A review. Evolutionary Computation, 2017, 25(1): 1–54
https://doi.org/10.1162/EVCO_r_00180
24 Y J Gong, J J Li, Y Zhou, et al.. Genetic learning particle swarm optimization. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2016, 46(10): 2277–2290
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2015.2475174
25 L Li, F X Cheng, X Q Cheng, et al.. Enterprise remanufacturing logistics network optimization based on modified multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2018, 24(8): 240–250 (in Chinese)
https://doi.org/CNKI:SUN:JSJJ.0.2018-08-026
26 Y J Chen, D B Liu. An uncertain programming model for manufacturing/remanufacturing hybrid system in reverse logistics environment. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013, 288: 251–255 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.288.251
27 S Chatterjee, S Sarkar, S Hore, et al.. Particle swarm optimization trained neural network for structural failure prediction of multistoried RC buildings. Neural Computing & Applications, 2017, 28(8): 2005–2016
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-2190-2
28 P Jiang, Y Ge, C Wang. Research and application of a hybrid forecasting model based on simulated annealing algorithm: A case study of wind speed forecasting. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2016, 8: 015501
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4940408
29 World Business Council for Sustainable Development. The business case for sustainable development: Making a difference towards the Earth Summit 2002 and Beyond. Corporate Environmental Strategy, 2002, 9(3): 226–235
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1066-7938(02)00071-4
30 H Wang, Z G Jiang, H Zhang, et al.et al.An integrated MCDM approach considering demands-matching for reverse logistics. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 208: 199–210
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.131
31 H Liao, Q Deng, Y Wang, et al.. An environmental benefits and costs assessment model for remanufacturing process under quality uncertainty. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 178: 45–58
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.256
32 H Liao, Q Deng, Y Wang. Optimal acquisition and production policy for end-of-life engineering machinery recovering in a joint manufacturing/remanufacturing system under uncertainties in procurement and demand. Sustainability, 2017, 9(3): 338 doi:10.3390/su9030338
33 S Yu, Y M Wei, H Guo, et al.. Carbon emission coefficient measurement of the coal-to-power energy chain in China. Applied Energy, 2014, 114(2): 290–300 doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.09.062
[1] Jiali ZHAO, Shitong PENG, Tao LI, Shengping LV, Mengyun LI, Hongchao ZHANG. Energy-aware fuzzy job-shop scheduling for engine remanufacturing at the multi-machine level[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2019, 14(4): 474-488.
[2] Le CHEN, Xianlin WANG, Hua ZHANG, Xugang ZHANG, Binbin DAN. Timing decision-making method of engine blades for predecisional remanufacturing based on reliability analysis[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2019, 14(4): 412-421.
[3] Haiyang LU, Yanle LI, Fangyi LI, Xingyi ZHANG, Chuanwei ZHANG, Jiyu DU, Zhen LI, Xueju RAN, Jianfeng LI, Weiqiang WANG. Damage mechanism and evaluation model of compressor impeller remanufacturing blanks: A review[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2019, 14(4): 402-411.
[4] Yue SHI,Lihong DONG,Haidou WANG,Guolu LI,Shenshui LIU. Fatigue features study on the crankshaft material of 42CrMo steel using acoustic emission[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2016, 11(3): 233-241.
[5] He LIU, Guochen SHI, Cui WANG, Peijing SHI, Yi XU, . Artificial lift equipment repairing techniques in Daqing Oilfield[J]. Front. Mech. Eng., 2010, 5(1): 111-117.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed