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Museum architecture as spatial storytelling of historical time: Manifesting a primary example of Jewish space in Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum
Fangqing Lu
Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2017, 6 (4): 442-455.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2017.08.002
Museums commonly adopt storytelling in their interpretive framework by use of audiovisual techniques to convey the meanings contained within artifacts. In addition to audiovisual mediation, this study demonstrates the idea that museum architecture itself can also be regarded as a medium of spatial storytelling, specifically of historical time, which is manifested spatially and cognitively for museum visitors. The Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum (YVHHM) in Jerusalem is considered a spatial storytelling tool that successfully establishes an architectural dimension and thus displays, reveals, and interprets historical time during the Holocaust. The research method of this study is drawn from a case study of YVHHM and consists of a literature review of scholarship in museum studies about artifacts and exhibition techniques of storytelling. The study concludes that the architectural space and landscape of YVHHM create a primary example of Jewish space and its specific engagements with historical time by use of spatial layout and circulation, spatial form and symbolization, and spatial qualities of lightingand material. These components construct a tangible, sacred, and cultural artifact; such artifact inherits, preserves, and records Yad Vashem, Modern Jerusalem, and the Nation of Israel and is an ideal physical and spiritual “home” for Jewish people worldwide.
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TraditionalIndianreligiousstreets:Aspatial study ofthestreetsofMathura
Meeta Tandon, Vandana Sehgal
Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2017, 6 (4): 469-479.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2017.10.001
Streets determine the spatial characteristics of a city and are its most importantel ement. They retain their unique identity by depicting their own sense of place and provide psychological and functional meaning to people'slives. Traditional streets, located in the heart of a city and where religious buildings are situated, are visited by numerous pilgrims daily and should be assessed for their physical features and spatial qualities. This study aims to investigate the character of one of such streets, Vishram Bazaar Street, which is a commercial street where the famous Dwarkadhish temple of Mathura is located. This study, therefore, aspires to uncover the spatial qualities of the street in terms of its physical characteristics based on the tool given by Reid Ewing, Clemente, and Handy, which includes imageability, enclosure, humanscale, transparency, and complexity, and to establish the relevance of these qualities in Indian religious streets. The methods used for data collection are literature reviews, on-site documentation (field notes, photographs, and videos), visual assessment, and questionnaire surveys.
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Interpretation of architectural identity through landmark architecture:The case of Prishtina, Kosovo from the 1970s to the 1980s
Teuta Jashari-Kajtazi, Arta Jakupi
Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2017, 6 (4): 480-486.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2017.09.002
The period in Kosovo from the 1970s to the early 1980s is important yet insufficiently explored. The period is characterized by a liberal approach toward the development of theregion. Such development of Kosovo was evident in all spheres of life, including architecture, which functions as an integral part of a society and its progress. This progress was “supported” with an intention to overpower the existing architectural environment and the overall identity of the region in some way. However, when this progress was realized where innumerous buildings considered important were materialized, an intention to have the earlier and “original” spatial structures to be replaced became evident. In the case of Kosovo, the term “liberal” can be understood negatively and positively. From the architectural viewpoint, designs tend to follow technological advances and “trends” of the time. Consequently, the materialization of such buildings, which are surrounded by symbolisms related to different types of identity and leading toward regional modernism, is an important part to emphasize. The current study aims to consider important thoughts about architectural identity and its categories in general but specific to the context of Kosovo. The history of the region has a critical story of influences toward its formation. Although several hilosophies were accepted by the mass, others produced the antidote of the actual input. This study considers the importance of finding the best possible interpretation of Kosovo's architectural identity, such that Kosovo can be well known in the future as it was in the past.
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Bahri Mamluk muqarnas portals in Egypt: Survey and analysis
Mohamad Kashef
Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2017, 6 (4): 487-503.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2017.09.004
Muqarnas (stalactite vault) is a distinctive structural and configurational feature of Islamic architecture. It is used to provide a transition from a square plan to a circular perimeter, thus allowing a domical or semi-domical space to beerected above a square or rectangular layout. It is similar to the Roman pendentive in its structural logic but quite different in form and architectonic detail. The use of muqarnas has become ubiquitous in Islamic architecture and was applied structurally and decoratively above major spaces in mosques and mausoleums, wall niches, facades, arches, friezes, and entrance portals. This paper provides a historical, typological, and stylistic analysis of Bahri Mamluk muqarnas portals developed in Cairo, Egypt during the 13th and 14th centuries. Due to the complexity and breadth of this undertaking, the c urrent study focuses on the earliest 10 monuments that exemplify the type and examines the origin, meaning, and development of muqarnas portals in Egypt. Local and foreign influences are analyzed with an eye on identifying similarities and variations in terms of constructability, geometry, and complexity of muqarnas configurations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the primary innovative features of Bahri Mamluk Muqarnas and their effect on subsequent muqarnas development in Egypt.
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