Surface nucleation and independent growth of Ce(OH)<sub>4</sub> within confinement space on modified carbon black surface to prepare nano-CeO<sub>2</sub> without agglomeration

doi:10.1007/s11706-018-0421-4

Front. Mater. Sci.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (2) : 168-175 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-018-0421-4

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Surface nucleation and independent growth of Ce(OH)₄ within confinement space on modified carbon black surface to prepare nano-CeO₂ without agglomeration

Xinyue ZHANG, Chunhui XIA, Kaitao LI, Yanjun LIN(

)

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

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Abstract

Highly dispersed negative carboxyl groups can be formed on carbon black (CB) surface modified with strong nitric acid. Therefore positive cations can be uniformly absorbed by carboxyl groups and precipitated within a confinement space on modified CB surface to prepare highly dispersed nanomaterials. In this paper, the formation and dispersion status of surface negative carboxyl groups, adsorption status of Ce³⁺, surface confinement nucleation, crystallization and calcination process were studied by EDS, SEM, and laser particle size analysis. The results show that the carboxyl groups formed on modified CB surface are highly dispersed, and Ce³⁺ cations can be uniformly anchored by carboxyl groups. Therefore, highly dispersed Ce³⁺ can react with OH⁻ within a confinement surface region to form positive nano-Ce(OH)₄ nuclei which also can be adsorbed by electrostatic attraction. After independent growth of Ce(OH)₄ without agglomeration, highly dispersed CeO₂ nanoparticles without agglomeration can be prepared together with the help of effectively isolates by CO₂ released in the combustion of CB.

Keywords surface nucleation confinement space modified CB agglomeration nano-CeO₂

Corresponding Author(s): Yanjun LIN

Online First Date: 24 April 2018 Issue Date: 29 May 2018

Cite this article:

Xinyue ZHANG,Chunhui XIA,Kaitao LI, et al. Surface nucleation and independent growth of Ce(OH)₄ within confinement space on modified carbon black surface to prepare nano-CeO₂ without agglomeration[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2018, 12(2): 168-175.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-018-0421-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2018/V12/I2/168

Fig.1 FTIR results of unmodified CB (a) and modified CB (b).

Fig.2 EDS images of element O on CB modified with nitric acid for different time: (a) 0 h; (b) 1 h; (c) 4 h; (d) 8 h; (e) 12 h.

Fig.3 EDS images of elemental Ce³⁺ on CB modified with nitric acid for different time: (a) 0 h; (b) 1 h; (c) 4 h; (d) 8 h; (e) 12 h.

Fig.4 SEM images of Ce(OH)₄ with different modification time of CB: (a) 0 h; (b) 1 h; (c) 4 h; (d) 8 h; (e) 12 h.

Fig.5 EDS images of Ce(OH)₄ with different modification time of CB: (a) 0 h; (b) 1 h; (c) 4 h; (d) 8 h; (e) 12 h.

Fig.6 Particle size distribution of Ce(OH)₄ prepared with CB modified for 0 h (a), 1 h (b), 4 h (c), 8 h (d), and 12 h (e).

Fig.7 SEM images of Ce(OH)₄ prepared with (a) unmodified CB and (b) modified CB.

Fig.8 The size distribution of Ce(OH)₄ prepared with unmodified CB (a) and modified CB (b).

Fig.9 TG-DTA curves of Ce(OH)₄ prepared with modified CB.

Fig.10 XRD patterns of Ce(OH)₄ and CeO₂ prepared with unmodified CB (a) and modified CB (b).

Fig.11 SEM images of CeO₂ prepared with (a) unmodified CB and (b) modified CB.

Fig.12 Size distribution of CeO₂ prepared with modified CB (a) and unmodified CB (b).

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