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Single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape of primate hippocampal aging
Hui Zhang, Jiaming Li, Jie Ren, Shuhui Sun, Shuai Ma, Weiqi Zhang, Yang Yu, Yusheng Cai, Kaowen Yan, Wei Li, Baoyang Hu, Piu Chan, Guo-Guang Zhao, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Qi Zhou, Jing Qu, Si Wang, Guang-Hui Liu
Protein & Cell. 2021, 12 (9): 695-716.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-021-00852-9
The hippocampus plays a crucial role in learning and memory, and its progressive deteriorationwith age is functionally linked to a variety ofhuman neurodegenerative diseases.Yet a systematic profiling of the aging effects on various hippocampal cell types in primates is still missing. Here, we reported a variety of new aging-associated phenotypic changes of the primate hippocampus. These include, in particular, increased DNA damage and heterochromatin erosion with time, alongside loss of proteostasis and elevated inflammation. To understand their cellular and molecular causes, we established the first single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate hippocampal aging. Among the 12 identified cell types, neural transiently amplifying progenitor cell (TAPC) and microglia were most affected by aging. In-depth dissection of gene-expression dynamics revealed impaired TAPC division and compromised neuronal unction along the neurogenesis trajectory; additionally elevated pro-inflammatory responses in the agedmicroglia and oligodendrocyte, as well as dysregulated coagulation pathways in the aged endothelial cells may contribute to a hostile microenvironment for neurogenesis. This rich resource for understanding primate hippocampal aging may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions against age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Host metabolism dysregulation and cell tropism identification in human airway and alveolar organoids upon SARS-CoV-2 infection
Rongjuan Pei, Jianqi Feng, Yecheng Zhang, Hao Sun, Lian Li, Xuejie Yang, Jiangping He, Shuqi Xiao, Jin Xiong, Ying Lin, Kun Wen, Hongwei Zhou, Jiekai Chen, Zhili Rong, Xinwen Chen
Protein & Cell. 2021, 12 (9): 717-733.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-020-00811-w
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is spread primary via respiratory droplets and infects the lungs. Currently widely used cell lines and animals are unable to accurately mimic human physiological conditions because of the abnormal status of cell lines (transformed or cancer cells) and species differences between animals and humans. Organoids are stem cell-derived selforganized three-dimensional culture in vitro and model the physiological conditions of natural organs. Here we showed that SARS-CoV-2 infected and extensively replicated in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived lung organoids, including airway and alveolar organoids which covered the complete infection and spread route for SARS-CoV-2 within lungs. The infected cells were ciliated, club, and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which were sequentially located from the proximal to the distal airway and terminal alveoli, respectively. Additionally, RNA-seq revealed early cell response to virus infection including an unexpected downregulation of the metabolic processes, especially lipid metabolism, in addition to the well-known upregulation of immune response. Further, Remdesivir and a human neutralizing antibody potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in lung organoids. Therefore, human lung organoids can serve as a pathophysiological model to investigate the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to discover and test therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.
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Understanding the phase separation characteristics of nucleocapsid protein provides a new therapeutic opportunity against SARS-CoV-2
Dan Zhao, Weifan Xu, Xiaofan Zhang, Xiaoting Wang, Yiyue Ge, Enming Yuan, Yuanpeng Xiong, Shenyang Wu, Shuya Li, Nian Wu, Tingzhong Tian, Xiaolong Feng, Hantao Shu, Peng Lang, Jingxin Li, Fengcai Zhu, Xiaokun Shen, Haitao Li, Pilong Li, Jianyang Zeng
Protein & Cell. 2021, 12 (9): 734-740.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-021-00832-z
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Indiscriminate ssDNA cleavage activity of CRISPR-Cas12a induces no detectable off-target effects in mouse embryos
Yu Wei, Yingsi Zhou, Yajing Liu, Wenqin Ying, Ruiming Lv, Qimeng Zhao, Haibo Zhou, Erwei Zuo, Yidi Sun, Hui Yang, Changyang Zhou
Protein & Cell. 2021, 12 (9): 741-745.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-021-00824-z
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