Microprofiles of activated sludge aggregates using microelectrodes in completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) reactor

doi:10.1007/s11783-015-0818-6

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (2) : 390-398 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-015-0818-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Microprofiles of activated sludge aggregates using microelectrodes in completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) reactor

Yongtao LV¹,Xuan CHEN¹,Lei WANG^1,^*(

),Kai JU¹,Xiaoqiang CHEN²,Rui MIAO¹,Xudong WANG¹

1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
2. College of Environment and Resource, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China

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Abstract

Microsensor measurements and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis were combined to investigate the microbial populations and activities in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON). Fed with synthetic wastewater rich in ammonia, the SBR removed 82.5±5.4% of influent nitrogen and a maximum nitrogen-removal rate of 0.52 kgN·m⁻³·d⁻¹ was achieved. The FISH analysis revealed that aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) Nitrosomonas and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) dominated the community. To quantify the microbial activities inside the sludge aggregates, microprofiles were measured using pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), NH4+, NO2− and NO3− microelectrodes. In the outer layer of sludge aggregates (0–700 μm), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) showed high activity with 4.1 μmol·cm⁻³·h⁻¹ of maximum nitrate production rate under the condition of DO concentration higher than 3.3 mg·L⁻¹. Maximum AerAOB activity was detected in the middle layer (depths around 1700 μm) where DO concentration was 1.1 mg·L⁻¹. In the inner layer (2200–3500 μm), where DO concentration was below 0.9 mg·L⁻¹, AnAOB activity was detected. We thus showed that information obtained from microscopic views can be helpful in optimizing the SBR performance.

Keywords microelectrodes CANON aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria nitrite-oxidizing bacteria

Corresponding Author(s): Lei WANG

Online First Date: 09 October 2015 Issue Date: 01 February 2016

Cite this article:

Yongtao LV,Xuan CHEN,Lei WANG, et al. Microprofiles of activated sludge aggregates using microelectrodes in completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) reactor[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(2): 390-398.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-015-0818-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I2/390

Tab.1 Targeted organisms and the oligonucleotide probes

Fig.1 Time course of nitrogen removal performance in the SBR system

Fig.2 Particle size and distribution of the biomass

Fig.3 FISH analysis of the microbial community structure on day 85 (a: Phase contrast-micrograph. b: The same section of biomass showing Nitrosomonas-like AerAOB stained with HEX (pink) and AnAOB stained with FITC (green)

Fig.4 Steady-state microprofiles of DO and pH (a), NH 4 + (b), N O 2 − (c) and N O 3 − (d) inside the sludge aggregates

Fig.5 Variation of net volumetric rates inside the sludge aggregates at different depths (a, b and c correspond to ammonium, nitrate and nitrite)

Tab.2 Comparison of DO concentration in single-stage autotrophic nitrogen-removal system

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