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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-7505

ISSN 2095-977X(Online)

CN 10-1204/S

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Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.    2018, Vol. 5 Issue (2) : 271-279    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2018214
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Triggering the biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea by Trichoderma harzianum through inhibition of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins
Kandasamy SARAVANAKUMAR, Zhixiang LU, Hai XIA, Meng WANG, Jianan SUN, Shaoqing WANG, Qiang-qiang WANG, Yaqian LI, Jie CHEN()
School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Abstract

This study reports a strain of Trichoderma harzianum CCTCC-SBW0162 with potential to enhance biocontrol activity against gray mold pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, and with a pivotal role in tomato (Solanum esculentum) plant growth enhancement. A total of 254 Trichoderma isolates were screened by in vitro antagonistic assay. Of these, 10 were selected for greenhouse experiments based on their greater inhibition of B. cinerea. The in vitro antagonistic assay and greenhouse experiments indicated that T. harzianum CCTCC-SBW0162 gave the highest inhibition rate (90.6%) and disease reduction (80.7%). Also, to study the possible mechanism associated with antifungal activity of CCTCC-SBW0162 against B. cinerea, molecular docking was used to assess the interactions between CCTCC-SBW0162-derived metabolites, and pathogencity and virulence related proteins of B. cinerea. The molecular docking results indicated that the combination of harzianopyridone, harzianolide and anthraquinone C derived from CCTCC-SBW0162 could synergistically improve antifungal activity against B. cinerea through the inhibition/modification of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins. However, this computerized modeling work emphasized the need for further study in the laboratory to confirm the effect T. harzianum-derived metabolites against the proteins of B. cinerea and their interactions.
Keywords anthraquinone      Botrytis cinerea      harzianolide      harzianopyridone      molecular docking      Trichoderma harzianum     
Corresponding Author(s): Jie CHEN   
Just Accepted Date: 09 March 2018   Online First Date: 03 April 2018    Issue Date: 28 May 2018
 Cite this article:   
Kandasamy SARAVANAKUMAR,Zhixiang LU,Hai XIA, et al. Triggering the biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea by Trichoderma harzianum through inhibition of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2018, 5(2): 271-279.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2018214
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2018/V5/I2/271
Fig.1  In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma against B. cinerea (BC) in dual culture: BC-CK, T. harzianum CCTCC-RW0006, T. atroviride CCTCC-RW0008, T. asperellum CCTCC-RW0011, T. atroviride CCTCC-SBW0008, T. atroviride CCTCC-SBW0068, T. atroviride CCTCC-SBW0073, T. atroviride CCTCC-SBW0074, T. aureoviride CCTCC-SBW0122, T. atroviride CCTCC-SBW0138, and T. harzianum CCTCC-SBW0162.
Treatment Average shoot length/cm Average root length/cm Average shoot biomass/g Average root biomass/g Total biomass/g Disease reduction/%
CK1 30.2±1.2 (0.62) 5.0±1.2 (0.56) 1.0±0.02 (4) 0.4±0.08 (1) 1.4±0.3 (2.5) 56. 7
CK2 18.6±2.5 3.2±0.8 0.2±0.01 0.2±0.09 0.4±0.1 31.7
T1 32.0±2.1 (0.72) 3.6±0.1 (0.125) 0.9±0.03 (3.5) 0.3±0.05 (0.5) 1.1±0.6 (0.75) 50.0
T2 29.7±1.5 (0.59) 4.2±0.6 (0.31) 0.2±0.02 (0) 0.2±0.06 (0) 0.4±0.8 (0) 40.0
T3 37.8±3.2 (1.03) 22.1±0.2 (5.90) 2.6±0.01 (12) 0.5±0.06 (1.5) 3.1±0.4 (6.75) 40.0
T4 41.4±2.6 (1.22) 11.5±0.4 (2.59) 3.8±0.03 (18) 1.6±0.04 (7) 5.4±0.5 (12.5) 80.7
T5 24.4±1.2 (0.31) 8.6±0.6 (1.68) 1.8±0.06 (8) 0.6±0.06 (2) 2.4±0.6 (5) 33.3
T6 32.4±0.6 (0.74) 6.5±1.2 (1.03) 3.4±0.06 (16) 0.2±0.04 (0) 3.6±0.2 (8) 56.7
T7 29.5±1.8 (0.58) 12.2±1.4 (3) 2.7±0.04 (2.5) 0.3±0.06 (0.5) 2.9±0.1 (1.5) 46.7
T8 20.0±1.6 (0.07) 3.5±0.6 (0.09) 1.2±0.06 (5) 0.5±0.01 (1.5) 1.7±0.2 (6.25) 33.3
T9 37.7±2.4 (1.02) 4.5±1.8 (0.40) 2.4±0.04 (11) 0.4±0.02 (1) 2.8±0.6 (6) 60.0
T10 32.6±1.6 (0.75) 7.0±1.6 (1.18) 1.9±0.09 (8.5) 1.1±0.03 (4.5) 3.0±0.1 (6.5) 56.7
Tab.1  Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma against B. cinerea on growth factors of tomato seedlings.
Fig.2  3D structure of target protein of B. cinerea. Bcpmr1 is identical to PMR1 (NP_011348) (a) and SS1G_09885 (EDN94018) (b), and BcMctA is identical to MFS (c)
Fig.3  Structure of metabolites (ligand) of Trichoderma harzianum. (a) T22azaphilone; (b) harzianopyridone; (c) harzianolide; (d) 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone; (e) 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone.
S. No. PubChem CID T. harzianum derived Compound Name Mol. Formula Mol. Wt/(g·mol-1) Docking Score/(kJ·mol-1)
Bcpmr BcMctA
PMR1 SS1G MFS
1 76326344 T22azaphilone C18H18O6 330.336 -38.56 -42.57 -42.87
2 54697782 Harzianopyridone C14H19NO5 281.308 -40.36 -35.34 -38.39
3 15719532 Harzianolide C13H18O3 222.284 -40.27 -43.87 -45.17
4 164982 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone C15H10O3 238.242 -38.22 -41.65 -48.13
5 641293 anthraquinone C C20H17ClO4 356.802 -43.91 -49.47 -57.71
Tab.2  Analysis of interactions between Trichoderma-derived compounds and pathogenicity related protein bcpmr1 of B. cinerea
Fig.4  Docking complex showing the interaction between Trichoderma metabolites anthraquinone C with Bcpmr (PMR1) of B. cinerea
Fig.5  Docking complex showing the interaction between Trichoderma metabolite, anthraquinone C, with Bcpmr (SS1G_09885) of B. cinerea
Fig.6  Docking complex showing the interaction between Trichoderma metabolite, anthraquinone C, with BcMctA (MFS) of B. cinerea
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