Mineralization and humification of chicken manure and composted kitchen waste in soils based on an <i>in situ</i> litter-bag experiment: impacts of organic inputs and microbial community

doi:10.15302/J-FASE-2024546

2024, Vol. 11

Issue (4) : 602-614 https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2024546

Mineralization and humification of chicken manure and composted kitchen waste in soils based on an in situ litter-bag experiment: impacts of organic inputs and microbial community

Yujia SHI, Haixia ZENG, Linfa FANG, Yue DENG, Ran XIAO(

)

Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

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Abstract

Organic inputs are key to increasing soil organic carbon in agricultural soils. This study aimed to unravel the process of mineralization and humification of chicken manure (CM) and composted kitchen waste (KW) using an in situ litter-bag incubation experiment. The results indicated that over 50%, 64% to 72%, and 62% to 85% of the initial mass, carbon and nitrogen, respectively, were lost through incubation with a marked loss occurring during the first 28 days. Increased humic acids (HAs), humus (HS) and degree of humification, along with a decrease in the level of fulvic acids and precursors for humic substances were observed through incubation. By comparison, CM demonstrated higher carbon and nitrogen conservation efficiencies and greater humification compared to KW. Additionally, a higher degree of humifaction and larger quantities of HAs and HS were not favorable for carbon and nitrogen conservation. Further structural equation modeling indicated that microbial community had a strong effect on carbon loss and nitrogen release, while stoichiometric properties of organic inputs were the main determinant of the mineralization and humification processes. These findings will enhance understanding of litter decomposition in soils and provide valuable references for soil carbon sequestration with organic inputs.

Keywords Decomposition humic substances humic substance precursors microbial communities organic amendments soil carbon sequestration

Corresponding Author(s): Ran XIAO

Just Accepted Date: 30 January 2024 Online First Date: 26 February 2024 Issue Date: 12 November 2024

Cite this article:

Yujia SHI,Haixia ZENG,Linfa FANG, et al. Mineralization and humification of chicken manure and composted kitchen waste in soils based on an in situ litter-bag experiment: impacts of organic inputs and microbial community[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2024, 11(4): 602-614.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2024546
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2024/V11/I4/602

Tab.1 Properties of organic inputs used in the litter-bag incubation experiment

Fig.1 Changes in the percentage of litter mass remained (a), carbon remained (b), and nitrogen remained (c) for chicken manure (CM) and composted kitchen waste (KW) through an in situ litter-bag incubation experiment. Error bars represent standard deviation. Uppercase letters indicate differences for a typical organic input with different incubation periods based on one-way ANOVA at P < 0.05 and lowercase letters indicate differences for the two organic inputs at the same incubation period at P < 0.05.

Fig.2 Changes in the content of humus (a), fulvic acids (b), humic acids (c), humification index (d), degree of polymerization (e), and humification ratio (f) for chicken manure (CM) and kitchen waste (KW) treatments during an in situ litter-bag incubation experiment. Error bars represent standard deviation. Uppercase letters indicate differences for a typical organic input with different incubation periods based on one-way ANOVA at P < 0.05.

Fig.3 Changes in the content of humic substance precursors, reducing sugar (a), amino acid (b), polyphenols (c), and soluble sugar (d) for chicken manure (CM) and kitchen waste (KW) treatment during an in situ litter-bag incubation experiment. Error bars represent standard deviation. Uppercase letters indicate differences for a typical organic input with different incubation periods based on one-way ANOVA at P < 0.05.

Fig.4 α-Diversity and similarity of microbial communities during the litter-bag experiment: α-diversity of bacterial (a) and fungal (b) indicated by the number of amplicon sequence variants (ASV), Chao1, Shannon diversity and Simpson diversity.

Fig.5 Changes in the relative abundance of the top more than 20 bacterial (a) and 12 fungal (b) phyla during the in situ litter-bag incubation experiment.

Fig.6 Structural equation modeling revealing the direct and indirect relationships among C:N ratio of organic input, bacteria, fungi, precursor, humification index, and C loss (a) as well as C:N ratio of organic input, bacteria, fungi, mass loss, decomposition constant, N release (b). Bacteria and fungi are latent variables measured by Chao1 and Shannon diversity. Precursors are latent variables measured by reducing sugar, soluble sugar, amino acids, and polyphenols. Humification degree is a latent variable measured by humification index, humification ratio and degree of polymerization. The arrow width is proportional to the strength of the path coefficients. The red and blue arrows indicate significant negative and positive correlations, respectively, while gray dashed arrows indicate non-significant relationships. ^*, ^** and ^*** indicate significance at P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively.

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