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Dropout training for SVMs with data augmentation |
Ning CHEN1( ), Jun ZHU2, Jianfei CHEN2, Ting CHEN2 |
1. MOE Key lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2. State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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Abstract Dropout and other feature noising schemes have shown promise in controlling over-fitting by artificially corrupting the training data. Though extensive studies have been performed for generalized linear models, little has been done for support vector machines (SVMs), one of the most successful approaches for supervised learning. This paper presents dropout training for both linear SVMs and the nonlinear extension with latent representation learning. For linear SVMs, to deal with the intractable expectation of the non-smooth hinge loss under corrupting distributions, we develop an iteratively re-weighted least square (IRLS) algorithm by exploring data augmentation techniques. Our algorithm iteratively minimizes the expectation of a reweighted least square problem, where the re-weights are analytically updated. For nonlinear latent SVMs, we consider learning one layer of latent representations in SVMs and extend the data augmentation technique in conjunction with first-order Taylor-expansion to deal with the intractable expected hinge loss and the nonlinearity of latent representations. Finally, we apply the similar data augmentation ideas to develop a new IRLS algorithm for the expected logistic loss under corrupting distributions, and we further develop a non-linear extension of logistic regression by incorporating one layer of latent representations. Our algorithms offer insights on the connection and difference between the hinge loss and logistic loss in dropout training. Empirical results on several real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of dropout training on significantly boosting the classification accuracy of both linear and nonlinear SVMs.
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Keywords
dropout
SVMs
logistic regression
data augmentation
iteratively reweighted least square
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Corresponding Author(s):
Ning CHEN
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Just Accepted Date: 09 October 2017
Online First Date: 20 December 2017
Issue Date: 14 June 2018
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