Catalytic activity of manganese oxide supported on alumina in the synthesis of quinoxalines

doi:10.1007/s11705-013-1360-3

Front Chem Sci Eng

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (4) : 415-421 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-013-1360-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Catalytic activity of manganese oxide supported on alumina in the synthesis of quinoxalines

Rekha M.¹, H. Kathyayini², N. Nagaraju¹(

)

1. Catalysis Research Laboratory, St Joseph’s College Post Graduate and Research Centre, Bangalore 560027, India; 2. Centre for Emerging Technologies, Global Campus Jain University, Bangalore 562112, India

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Abstract

Two catalysts, alumina and manganese oxide supported on alumina, have been prepared by calcination and precipitation-impregnation methods, respectively. The catalysts are characterised by the following techniques: Brunner-Emmett-Teller-N₂ adsorption-desorption for surface area, temperature programmed desorption of NH₃ and n-butyl amine back titration methods for surface acidity, powder X-ray diffraction for textural properties, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the anionic radicals. The catalytic activity has been determined under heterogeneous conditions in the condensation reaction between o-phenylenediamine and benzil. The product purity is checked by thin-layer chromatography and melting point. The products are also analysed by LC-MS and ¹H-NMR techniques. The yields of the products have been found to be good and catalysts exhibited excellent recyclability. The effect of changing the reaction parameters such as temperature, reaction time, amount of the catalyst, nature of solvent and molar ratio of reactants on the yield of the product has been studied. The surface acidity of the catalysts plays an important role in activating the reaction.

Keywords alumina manganese oxide deposited on alumina quinoxaline synthesis

Corresponding Author(s): Nagaraju N.,Email:nagarajun@yahoo.com

Issue Date: 05 December 2013

Cite this article:

Rekha M.,H. Kathyayini,N. Nagaraju. Catalytic activity of manganese oxide supported on alumina in the synthesis of quinoxalines[J]. Front Chem Sci Eng, 2013, 7(4): 415-421.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-013-1360-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2013/V7/I4/415

Fig.1 Reaction of benzil with -phenylenediamine to synthesise quinoxaline derivatives

Tab.1 BET surface area, pore volume, pore diameter, surface acidity values and yield of the product in synthesis of quinoxaline derivative using AlO and Mn/AlO

Fig.2 TPD ammonia of profiles of AlO and Mn/AlO

Fig.3 FT-IR spectra of AlO and Mn/AlO catalysts

Fig.4 PXRD patterns of AlO and Mn/AlO catalysts

Tab.2 The effect of various solvents on the isolated yield of the product and duration of the reaction

Fig.5 Recyclability of Mn/AlO catalyst in the synthesis of quinoxaline derivative starting from -phenylenediamine and benzil

Tab.3 Yields of the reactions of substituted -phenylenediamines with benzil

Tab.4 Comparison of the catalytic activity of Mn/AlO with literature catalysts in the synthesis of 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline

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