Flow synthesis of a novel zirconium-based UiO-66 nanofiltration membrane and its performance in the removal of <i>p</i>-nitrophenol from water

doi:10.1007/s11705-019-1819-y

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (4) : 651-660 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-019-1819-y

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Flow synthesis of a novel zirconium-based UiO-66 nanofiltration membrane and its performance in the removal of p-nitrophenol from water

Feichao Wu, Yanling Wang, Xiongfu Zhang(

)

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

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Abstract

In this work, a thin zirconium-based UiO-66 membrane was successfully prepared on an alumina hollow fiber tube by flow synthesis, and was used in an attempt to remove p-nitrophenol from water through a nanofiltration process. Two main factors, including flow rate and synthesis time, were investigated to optimize the conditions for membrane growth. Under optimal synthesis conditions, a thin UiO-66 membrane of approximately 2 µm in thickness was fabricated at a flow rate of 4 mL·h⁻¹ for 30 h. The p-nitrophenol rejection rate for the as-prepared UiO-66 membrane applied in the removal of p-nitrophenol from water was only 78.1% due to the existence of membrane defects caused by coordinative defects during membrane formation. Post-synthetic modification of the UiO-66 membrane was carried out using organic linkers with the same flow approach to further improve the nanofiltration performance. The result showed that the p-nitrophenol rejection for the post-modified membrane was greatly improved and reached over 95%. Moreover, the post-modified UiO-66 membrane exhibited remarkable long-term operational stability, which is vital for practical application.

Keywords UiO-66 membrane flow synthesis nanofiltration p-nitrophenol removal

Corresponding Author(s): Xiongfu Zhang

Just Accepted Date: 24 July 2019 Online First Date: 23 September 2019 Issue Date: 22 May 2020

Cite this article:

Feichao Wu,Yanling Wang,Xiongfu Zhang. Flow synthesis of a novel zirconium-based UiO-66 nanofiltration membrane and its performance in the removal of p-nitrophenol from water[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(4): 651-660.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-019-1819-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2020/V14/I4/651

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the flow synthesis setup: (a) syringe pump, (b) injector, (c) heating oven, (d) iron stand, (e) support, and (f) recycling bottle.

Fig.2 SEM images of (a) the alumina hollow fiber tube, (b, c) UiO-66 membrane obtained following 30 h of synthesis, and (d) XRD patterns of samples.

Fig.3 SEM images of UiO-66 membrane obtained from synthesis at different flow rates: (a, b) 3 mL·h^?¹, (c, d) 4 mL·h^?¹, and (e, f) 5 mL·h^?¹.

Fig.4 SEM images of UiO-66 membranes on different tubular substrates: (a, b) quartz capillary tube, (c, d) PTFE tube, (e, f) 0.2 µm α-Al₂O₃ substrate, and (g, h) macropore Al₂O₃ substrate (average flow rate 0.57 cm·h^?¹).

Fig.5 Surface and cross-section images of UiO-66 membranes after different durations of flow synthesis: (a, b) 18 h, (c, d) 24 h, (e, f) 30 h, and (g, h) 36 h.

Fig.6 Comparison of single gas permeances between the UiO-66 membrane and P-UiO-66 membrane.

Fig.7 Comparison of nanofiltration performance between the UiO-66 membrane and P-UiO-66 membrane (Feed solution 20 ppm, operating pressure 5 bar).

Fig.8 (a) Effect of PNP concentration in feed on PNP removal (operating pressure 5 bar), (b) influence of operating pressure on membrane performance (PNP concentration in feed, 20 ppm).

Fig.9 Long-term separation performance of the post-modified UiO-66 membrane (Feed solution, 20 ppm; operating pressure, 5 bar).

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