Encapsulation of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol with tetraethyl orthosilicate for CO<sub>2</sub> capture

doi:10.1007/s11705-019-1856-6

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (4) : 672-683 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-019-1856-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Encapsulation of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol with tetraethyl orthosilicate for CO₂ capture

Sidra Rama¹, Yan Zhang¹, Fideline Tchuenbou-Magaia², Yulong Ding¹, Yongliang Li¹(

)

¹. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B12 2TT, UK
². School of Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK

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Abstract

Carbon capture is widely recognised as an essential strategy to meet global goals for climate protection. Although various CO₂ capture technologies including absorption, adsorption and membrane exist, they are not yet mature for post-combustion power plants mainly due to high energy penalty. Hence researchers are concentrating on developing non-aqueous solvents like ionic liquids, CO₂-binding organic liquids, nanoparticle hybrid materials and microencapsulated sorbents to minimize the energy consumption for carbon capture. This research aims to develop a novel and efficient approach by encapsulating sorbents to capture CO₂ in a cold environment. The conventional emulsion technique was selected for the microcapsule formulation by using 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) as the core sorbent and silicon dioxide as the shell. This paper reports the findings on the formulated microcapsules including key formulation parameters, microstructure, size distribution and thermal cycling stability. Furthermore, the effects of microcapsule quality and absorption temperature on the CO₂ loading capacity of the microcapsules were investigated using a self-developed pressure decay method. The preliminary results have shown that the AMP microcapsules are promising to replace conventional sorbents.

Keywords carbon capture microencapsulated sorbents emulsion technique low temperature adsorption and absorption

Corresponding Author(s): Yongliang Li

Just Accepted Date: 15 October 2019 Online First Date: 26 November 2019 Issue Date: 04 December 2019

Cite this article:

Sidra Rama,Yan Zhang,Fideline Tchuenbou-Magaia, et al. Encapsulation of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol with tetraethyl orthosilicate for CO₂ capture[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(4): 672-683.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-019-1856-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2019/V13/I4/672

Fig.1 Illustration of the different pathways for CO₂, N₂ and O₂ separation [¹⁰].

Tab.1 Important features of the materials used for microencapsulation

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the microencapsulation of AMP with TEOS (*varying stirring speeds used).

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of pressure rig set-up for CO₂ absorption testing (* Effective volume of pressure rig= 61 mL, including pressure cell, connections, valves and tubings).

Fig.4 Polycondensation of TEOS with hydroxyl ions [²¹], where R represents the alkyl group, C₂H₅.

Fig.5 Surface structure of microcapsules (TM3030). (a) Surface Structure of microcapsules; (b) high magnification of microcapsule surface.

Fig.6 Morphology of microcapsules with AMP as core and silica as a shell. (1a) Sample 1: single microcapsule; (1b) Sample 1: single microcapsule with agglomeration; (2a) Sample 2: single microcapsule; (2b) Sample 2: Microcapsule with agglomeration, (2c) Sample 2: broken microcapsule for shell thickness example; (3a) Sample 3: single microcapsules; (3b) Sample 3: microcapsule with agglomeration.

Tab.2 Specific surface area, pore volume and average pore size of sample 1, 2 and 3

Fig.7 Comparison of stirring speed effect on particle size distribution.

Fig.8 Thermal property comparison of pure AMP (liquid) against the encapsulated sample 1, 2 and 3.

Fig.9 Microcapsule morphology after ten continuous cycling. (a) Sample 1: microcapsule with crack and dents; (b) Sample 2: microcapsules with dents; (c) Sample 3: microcapsule with dents.

Fig.10 FTIR spectra of pure, liquid AMP and encapsulated AMP. Samples 1?3 represented as on graph due to same transmittance. The area of interest is indicate.

Fig.11 Color change of sample from (a) blue to (b) yellow after CO₂ exposure.

Fig.12 Reversible carbamate reaction.

Fig.13 Pressure behaviour comparison of control and sample 2.

Fig.14 Carbon dioxide absorption comparison of encapsulated sample against pure core material.

Fig.15 Pay load of encapsulated sample in wt-%.

Fig.16 Effect of temperature on absorption capacity.

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