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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-0179

ISSN 2095-0187(Online)

CN 11-5981/TQ

Postal Subscription Code 80-969

2018 Impact Factor: 2.809

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Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.    2021, Vol. 15 Issue (4) : 944-953    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-020-2005-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pyrolysis transformation of ZIF-8 wrapped with polytriazine to nitrogen enriched core-shell polyhedrons carbon for supercapacitor
Nuoya Wang1, Xinhua Huang1(), Lei Zhang1, Jinsong Hu2, Yimin Chao3, Ruikun Zhao4()
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
2. School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
3. School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
4. College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Abstract

This work presents a simple effective strategy to synthesize N-doped and shell-controlled carbon nanocages through a package baking approach. A green approach to synthesize core-shell ZIF-8@PTZ nanoparticles involves zinc contained ZIF-8 core wrapped by a N-enriched polytriazine (PTZ). Synthesized core-shell ZIF-8@PTZ nanoparticles are calcinated to further sublime zinc through PTZ shell and washed by HCl, leaving a porous carbon structure. At the meantime, hollow cavities were introduced into N-doped carbon polyhedrons via the sacrifice of ZIF-8 template (noted as ZIF-8@C/N-x). The electrochemical performance of the ZIF-8@C/N-x as supercapacitor electrode has demonstrated high energy density and specific capacitance, as well as a long-term cycleability showing 92% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles. There is a systematic correlation between micro-/meso-porosity of ZIF-8@C/N-x and their electrochemical performances.
Keywords core-shell      EDLC electrode      microporos nano polygons      nitrogen doped carbon     
Corresponding Author(s): Xinhua Huang,Ruikun Zhao   
Just Accepted Date: 27 November 2020   Online First Date: 25 January 2021    Issue Date: 04 June 2021
 Cite this article:   
Nuoya Wang,Xinhua Huang,Lei Zhang, et al. Pyrolysis transformation of ZIF-8 wrapped with polytriazine to nitrogen enriched core-shell polyhedrons carbon for supercapacitor[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(4): 944-953.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-020-2005-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2021/V15/I4/944
Fig.1  Scheme 1 Schematic illustration for the formation of ZIF-8@C/N-X.
Fig.2  SEM images of (a) ZIF-8@C/N-1, (b) ZIF-8@C/N-2 and (c) ZIF-8@C/N-3; TEM images of (d) ZIF-8@C/N-1, (e) ZIF-8@C/N-2 and (f) ZIF-8@C/N-3 and the inset is the shell of C/N from corresponding PTZ; (g) The TEM images of ZIF-8@C/N-2 with element EDS mapping for C, N, O.
Fig.3  (a) Raman spectra and (b) XRD patterns of the ZIF-8@C/N-x samples, (c) XPS and (d) high-resolution XPS spectra of N1s the ZIF-8@C/N-x samples.
Sample N/wt-% N-6/wt-% N-5/wt-% N-Q/wt-% N-X/wt-%
ZIF-8@C/N-1 19.57 27.34 6.61 42.39 23.66
ZIF-8@C/N-2 21.76 27.72 15.98 40.68 15.62
ZIF-8@C/N-3 22.24 18.42 22.44 40.08 19.06
Tab.1  Nitrogen composition of ZIF-8@C/N-x
Fig.4  (a) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and (b) pore size distribution of ZIF-8@C/N-x.
Sample SBETa)/(m2·g?1) Pore volume/(cm3·g?1) Smicrob)/(m2·g?1) Smesoc) /(m2·g?1) %microd) Pore size/nm
ZIF-8@C/N-1 133 0.148 101.9 31.1 76 12.6
ZIF-8@C/N-2 93.9 0.185 54.6 39.3 58 14.8
ZIF-8@C/N-3 423.3 0.57 340 83.3 80 8.1
Tab.2  Porosity data of ZIF-8@C/N-x
Fig.5  (a) GCD curves and (b) CV curves of the as-prepared samples at a current density of 0.5 A·g?1 and at a scan rate of 200 mV·s-1; (c) specific capacitances of the as-prepared samples at different current densities and (d) EIS of the as-prepared samples at the open circuit potential in the frequency range from 0.1 to 105 Hz; (e) Ragone plot (energy density vs. power density) of ZIF-8@C/N-2, another report’s data are added for comparison, and (f) cyclic stability (current density of 10 A·g?1)
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