Interfacial induction and regulation for microscale crystallization process: a critical review

doi:10.1007/s11705-021-2129-8

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (6) : 838-853 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-021-2129-8

REVIEW ARTICLE

Interfacial induction and regulation for microscale crystallization process: a critical review

Mengyuan Wu, Zhijie Yuan, Yuchao Niu, Yingshuang Meng, Gaohong He, Xiaobin Jiang(

)

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

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Abstract

Microscale crystallization is at the frontier of chemical engineering, material science, and biochemical research and is affected by many factors. The precise regulation and control of microscale crystal processes is still a major challenge. In the heterogeneous induced nucleation process, the chemical and micro/nanostructural characteristics of the interface play a dominant role. Ideal crystal products can be obtained by modifying the interface characteristics, which has been proven to be a promising strategy. This review illustrates the application of interface properties, including chemical characteristics (hydrophobicity and functional groups) and the morphology of micro/nanostructures (rough structure and cavities, pore shape and pore size, surface porosity, channels), in various microscale crystallization controls and process intensification. Finally, possible future research and development directions are outlined to emphasize the importance of interfacial crystallization control and regulation for crystal engineering.

Keywords interfacial crystallization heterogeneous nucleation supersaturation micro/nanostructure process control and intensification

Corresponding Author(s): Xiaobin Jiang

Online First Date: 01 March 2022 Issue Date: 28 June 2022

Cite this article:

Mengyuan Wu,Zhijie Yuan,Yuchao Niu, et al. Interfacial induction and regulation for microscale crystallization process: a critical review[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2022, 16(6): 838-853.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-021-2129-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2022/V16/I6/838

Fig.1 Effect of physicochemical microstructure on the interfacial based microscale crystallization.

Fig.2 (a) The nucleation barrier at different material interface with contact angle range from 0° (superhydrophilic) to 180° (superhydrophobic). (b) The interfacial correlation factor

f (m, R ′)

of the different fabricated membrane with diverse interfacial micro/nano-structure. Reprinted with permission from ref. [2], copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. (c) Variation of the calculated ice nucleation rates with water-carbon interaction strength. Reprinted with permission from ref. [3], copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. (d) Crystallization of biomolecules on protein-based superhydrophobic surface. Reprinted with permission from ref. [4], copyright 2018, Wiley.

Fig.3 Hydrophobic interface construction methods. Low surface energy ((a) Template method. Reprinted with permission from ref. [31], copyright 2009, American Chemical Society. (b) Phase separation. Reprinted with permission from ref. [32], copyright 2016, Elsevier. (c) Surface grafting. Reprinted with permission from ref. [33], copyright 2009, Elsevier. (d) Surface coating. Reprinted with permission from ref. [34], copyright 2018, Elsevier). Rough structure ((e) Sol-gel method. Reprinted with permission from ref. [15], copyright 2019, Elsevier. (f) CVD. Reprinted with permission from ref. [35], copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (g) VASA. Reprinted with permission from ref. [36], copyright 2017, Elsevier. (h) Surface coating. Reprinted with permission from ref. [37], copyright © 2020 Elsevier).

Fig.4 (a) Growth rates of crystals on the pristine and Bi₂Se₃-modified PVDF membranes. Reprinted with permission from ref. [44], copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Effect of polymer surface chemistry on the kinetics of angular nanopore-induced nucleation of aspirin: acrylic acid (AA)-co-crosslinker divinylbenzene (DVB) versus acryloyl morpholine (AM)-co-DVB; proposed aspirin-polymer interactions at the crystal-polymer interface. Reprinted with permission from ref. [47], copyright 2011, Nature Publishing Group. (c) Effect of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-co-AM microgels on nucleation induction time statistics for aspirin. Reprinted with from ref. [48], copyright 2011, American Chemical Society. (d) Percentage of samples/vials crystallized on different polymeric surfaces as a function of time. Reprinted with permission from ref. [39], copyright 2014, American Chemical Society.

Fig.5 (a) Various rough interfaces. Reprinted with permission from ref. [54], copyright 2016, Wiley. (b) Schematic cross-sectional profile of liquid in contact with a surface consisting of (top) overhang structures [58] and (bottom) re-entrant structures [59]. Reprinted with permission from ref. [58], copyright 2008, American Chemical Society (top), and ref. [59], copyright 2007, American Chemical Society (bottom). (c) Schematic illustration of protein crystallization and the formation of a large cluster on a rough surface. (d) Geometry of a sphere-cap-shaped nucleating solution on a rough surface. (e) Ratio as a function of the contact angle on different roughness. Reprinted with permission from ref. [5], copyright 2007, American Chemical Society.

Fig.6 (a) The ordered mesoporous templates to study the protein crystallization process. Reprinted with permission from ref. [64], copyright 2012, American Chemical Society. (b) The nucleation rate under confinement of a polymer mesh. Reprinted with permission from ref. [66], copyright 2011, American Chemical Society. (c) Atomic force microscope (AFM) images of spherical pores and square pores of the same size. Reprinted with permission from ref. [47], copyright 2011, Nature Publishing Group. (d) Effect of the nanopore shape in AA-co-DVB polymer films on the nucleation kinetics of aspirin. Reprinted with permission from ref. [47], copyright 2011, Nature Publishing Group. (e) AFM images of imprinted silicon masters and angle-directed nucleation. Reprinted with permission from ref. [67], copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. (f) Heterogeneous nucleation at the corner of rectangular pore and wedge-shaped pores. Reprinted with permission from ref. [68], copyright 2014, Wiley. (g) Crystal nucleation in a pore. Reprinted with permission from ref. [69], copyright 2006, Nature Publishing Group.

Fig.7 (a) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images illustrating the variation of the porosity of gelatin hydrogels. (b) SEM images of calcium carbonate with various superstructures. Reprinted with permission from ref [71], copyright 2014, American Chemical Society. (c) Diffusion-controlled crystallization of calcium carbonate in a Hydrogel. Reprinted with permission from ref. [72], copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of three mass transfer models: (a) Knudsen diffusion, molecular diffusion and viscous flow diffusion; (b) commercial microfiltration membranes with uneven r_p and high τ; (c) ideal straight through channel with uniform r_p and τ of 1; (d) solute molecules enter the nanoscale channel under the combined action of diffusion and capillary effect; (e) crystallization of proteins at ultralow supersaturations using 3D nano-templates. Reprinted with permission from ref. [84], copyright 2012, American Chemical Society.

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