Bioorthogonal chemistry based on-demand drug delivery system in cancer therapy

doi:10.1007/s11705-022-2227-2

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (4) : 483-489 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-022-2227-2

VIEWS & COMMENTS

Bioorthogonal chemistry based on-demand drug delivery system in cancer therapy

Lan Lin, Lai Jiang, En Ren(

), Gang Liu(

)

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China

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Abstract

Benefiting from the advantage of taking place in biological environments without interfering with an innate biochemical process, the bioorthogonal reaction that commonly contains the “bond formation” and “bond cleavage” system has been widely used in targeted therapy for a variety of tumors. Herein, several prominent cases based on the bioorthogonal reaction that tailoring the metabolic glycoengineering tactics to modified cells for cancer immunotherapy, and the innovative tactics for reducing the metal ions’ toxic and side effects with microneedle patches will be highlighted. Based on these applications, the complexities, potential pitfalls, and opportunities of bioorthogonal chemistry in future cancer therapy will be evaluated.

Keywords bioorthogonal reaction cancer therapy metabolic glycoengineering bioorthogonal catalytic patch

Corresponding Author(s): En Ren,Gang Liu

Online First Date: 30 December 2022 Issue Date: 24 March 2023

Cite this article:

Lan Lin,Lai Jiang,En Ren, et al. Bioorthogonal chemistry based on-demand drug delivery system in cancer therapy[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(4): 483-489.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-022-2227-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2023/V17/I4/483

Scheme1 The classic paradigm of bioorthogonal chemistry-based on-demand drug delivery system in cancer therapy. (a) Metabolic glycoengineering-based “bond formation” system. When the sugar precursor N-azidoacetylmannosamine-tetraacylated was explicitly delivered to the cancer lesions, the azide motifs can be incorporated onto the cellular membrane via the metabolic glycoengineering procedure. Subsequently, the DBCO-modified molecules (e.g., proteins, nucleotides, fluorescent probes, and various drug carriers) can specifically bind to the displaying azide motifs. (b) The abiotic transition metals based “bond cleavage” system. The metals (e.g., Pd, Au, Ru, Cu) can be anchored in the tumor environment via various delivery devices (e.g., hydrogels, metal?organic frameworks, microneedle patches, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles). Benefiting from their catalytic performance, the pharmacological properties of the caged anticancer drug can be activated and recovered in the tumor site in a spatiotemporally controlled manner.

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of metabolic glycoengineering-based DCs labeling for cancer therapy in vivo. (a) Benefiting from the GM-CSF and azide-sugar materials encapsulation, the alginate gels can recruit the DCs, resulting in azide-labeled glycoproteins on membranes with the assisted of ultrasound. (b) The azide-labeled DCs from the gel scaffold can migrate to the lymph node and subsequent targeting of immunomodulatory agents (e.g., antigen, adjuvant, cytokine) via bioorthogonal reaction. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [38], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.

Fig.2 Diagram of the preparation and application of the bioorthogonal catalytic patch. (a, b, c) Characterization of the bioorthogonal catalytic patch: (a) Photograph, (b, c) Scanning electron microscopy image and longitudinal section of one microneedle; (d) schematic illustration of in situ bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by microneedle patch for locally activating systematically administrated prodrugs in vivo. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [39], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.

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