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Frontiers of Engineering Management

ISSN 2095-7513

ISSN 2096-0255(Online)

CN 10-1205/N

Postal Subscription Code 80-905

Front. Eng    2020, Vol. 7 Issue (1) : 142-158    https://doi.org/10.1007/s42524-019-0065-9
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites?
Conrad BOTON(), Éric ST-PIERRE, Gabriel LEFEBVRE
Department of Construction Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada
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Abstract

Despite the increasing dissemination of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach, many firms are still far from BIM and are only starting to adopt information technologies. We conducted an ethnographic action research with an industrial partner that implements information technologies on its construction sites, with a strong preference for home-made applications. Results show that the development of such applications faces difficulties and that multiple iterations and versions are necessary before achieving the expected goals because the required competencies are lacking among internal development teams. Moreover, initial needs evolve considerably throughout the application’s development and evaluation process. However, notwithstanding the difficulties encountered during the different application development phases, the industrial partner believes the decision to be worthwhile because of the desire to have internal control over the project data and the need to consider certain specificities related to business processes.

Keywords small- and medium-sized enterprises      mobile computing      mobile cloud computing      information technology for construction      construction site      ethnographic action research     
Corresponding Author(s): Conrad BOTON   
Just Accepted Date: 11 December 2019   Online First Date: 02 January 2020    Issue Date: 02 March 2020
 Cite this article:   
Conrad BOTON,Éric ST-PIERRE,Gabriel LEFEBVRE. Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites?[J]. Front. Eng, 2020, 7(1): 142-158.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fem/EN/10.1007/s42524-019-0065-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fem/EN/Y2020/V7/I1/142
Fig.1  Cycle of action research (adapted from  Roy and Prévost (2013)).
Fig.2  Paper-based form used for the daily report (in French). 
Fig.3  Interface of the first version of the application created with Qt  Creator.
Fig.4  UML class diagram of the data management process in the  application.
Fig.5  Daily site report interface. 
Fig.6  Tablet operated in a -32°C environment.
Device Operating system (OS) OS in French Price range Dimensions (mm) Weight (g) Operating temperature Resistance to water and dust Impact resistance Touchscreen Camera Storage space Interchangeable battery Battery capacity Scanner Ports WIFI Bluetooth Warranty Possibility of adding to the technology (optional) Respond to identified need
Height Width Depth
iPad
FEM-19048-CB-tb1fig1
IOS 11 Yes $429 et plus 240 169.5 7.5 469 0–35 oC Low Low Yes 8 MP rear camera, 1.2 MP front camera 32 GB, 128 GB, 256 GB No 8827 mAh No Lightning Connector Yes Yes 1 year from Apple Apple Pen, Keyboard No
Samsung Galaxy Tablet S3 Android 8.0 Yes $600 et plus 237.3 169 6 429 - Low Low Yes 13 MP rear camera, 5 MP front camera 32 GB and additional 512 GB (SD) No 6000 mAh No Type C Yes Yes 1 year from Samsung S Pen, Keyboard, SD card No
Surface Pro Windows 10 Pro Yes $1050–3500 292 201 8.5 768–784 0–35 oC Low Low Yes 8 MP rear camera, 5 MP front camera 128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB, 1 TB SSD No 6000 mAh No USB 3.0 Yes Yes 1 year from Microsoft Surface Pen, Surface Keyboard, Surface Mouse, MicroSDXC Player, Mini Display Port Yes/No
Asus ZenPad 10 (Z301MF) Android 7.0 Yes $260 251.8 172.2 9 470 - Low Low Yes 5 MP rear camera, 2 MP front camera 16 GB, 32 GB, 64 GB No 4680 mAh No Type C Yes Yes 1 year from Asus Micro SD card No
Latitude 7212 Rugged Extreme Windows 10 Pro Yes $1900–4000 24.4 312.4 203.2 1280 -29–63 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 5 MP rear camera, 3.6 MP front camera 128 GB to 1 TB SSD Yes 34 Wh+ optional 26 Wh Interchangeable Battery No Type C, USB 3.0, Mini serial RS-232 Yes Yes 3 years from Dell Rugged Station, Keyboard Case with Stand, Robust Dell Battery Charger, Vehicle Station, Extremely Rugged Dell Handle, Multi Port Module Yes
Zebra ET50/ET5
5
Windows 10, Android Yes $1500–2100 181 269 12.5 750 0–50 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 8 MP rear camera, 2 MP front camera 32 GB to 64 GB Yes 8700 mAh+ optional 6800 mAh Interchangeable Battery Yes, optional USB 3.0, HDMI, USB 2.0 Yes No 1 year from Zebra Robust Structure, Operation Protector, Fasteners, Active Pen, Extra Battery, Home Station, Brackets, Micro SD Reader, Integrated Imagers (Scanner) Yes
MR-100 Windows 10 Pro, Android, Linux Yes - 193 275 18.8 1100 0–50 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 5 MP rear camera, 2 MP front camera 128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB, 1 TB SSD No 40 Wh Yes, optional USB 2.0, HDMI, Ethernet, DC Jack, Dock Port Yes Yes - Docking Station, Scanner, Multi-Country Cards, Optional Barcode Reader, Card Reader, RFID Reader Yes/No
MD-100 Windows 10 Pro, Android, Linux Yes - 256 280 22 1100 0–50 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 5 MP rear camera, 2 MP front camera 128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB, 1 TB SSD Yes 50 Wh Interchangeable Battery+ 5 Wh Internal Battery Yes, optional USB 2.0, HDMI, Ethernet, DC Jack, Dock Port Yes Yes - Docking Station, Digitizer, Multi-Country Cards, Optional Barcode Reader, Card Reader, RFID Reader Yes
GETAC F110 Windows 10 Pro Yes $2000 207 314 24.5 1390 -21–60 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 5 MP rear camera, 720 P front camera 128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB SSD Yes – Double Interchangeable Dual Battery (2160 mAh x 2) Yes, optional DC Jack, USB 3.0, Dock Port, optional HDMI, Smart Card Reader, optional RF Yes Yes 3 years Infrared Webcam, LF/HF, RFID Reader, Fingerprint Reader, Smart Card Reader, Optional Player, Absolute™ Program, HDMI-in+ Smart Card Reader, FHD Webcam, 8 MP Auto Focus Camera, Magnetic Stripe Card Reader, 1D/2D Scanner Yes
Panasonic FZ-G1 Windows 10 Pro Yes $1000–4000 188 269 20 1134 -10–50 oC High- IP65 Good Yes 3 MP rear camera, 720 P front camera 256 GB, optional 512 GB SSD Yes 4200 mAh+ optional 9300 mAh Interchangeable Battery Yes, optional Dock Port, HDMI, optional Serial Dongle, USB 3.0, optional second USB 2.0, optional 10/100/1000 Ethernet Yes Yes 3 years 4G LTE with satellite GPS, choice of 1D/2D Barcode Reader (EA11 or EA21), Dongle in series, Ethernet, MicroSDXC or second USB 2.0 Port, choice of Battery Bridge, Magnetic Stripe Reader, Smart Card Reader, Contactless Smart Card/RFID HF or UHF 900 MHz RFID Reader (EPC Gen 2) Yes
  
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