Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub> photooxidation

doi:10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x

Front Envir Sci Eng

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (1) : 1-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO_x photooxidation

Biwu CHU¹, Jiming HAO¹(

), Junhua LI¹, Hideto TAKEKAWA², Kun WANG¹, Jingkun JIANG¹

1. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratory, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan

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Abstract

Aerosol phase reactions play a very important role on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, and metal-containing aerosols are important components in the atmosphere. In this study, we tested the effects of two transition metal sulfate salts, manganese sulfate (MnSO₄) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄), on the photochemical reactions of a toluene/NO_x photooxidation system in a 2 m³ smog chamber. By comparing photochemical reaction products of experiments with and without transition metal sulfate seed aerosols, we evaluated the effects of transition metal sulfate seed aerosols on toluene consumption, NO_x conversion and the formation of ozone and SOA. MnSO₄ and ZnSO₄ seed aerosols were found to have similar effects on photochemical reactions, both enhance the SOA production, while showing negligible effects on the gas phase compounds. These observations are consistent when varying metal sulfate aerosol concentrations. This is attributed to the catalytic effects of MnSO₄ and ZnSO₄ seed aerosols which may enhance the formation of condensable semivolatile compounds. Their subsequent partitioning into the aerosol phase leads to the observed SOA formation enhancement.

Keywords manganese sulfate zinc sulfate seed aerosols toluene photooxidation secondary organic aerosol

Corresponding Author(s): HAO Jiming,Email:hjm-den@tsinghua.edu.cn

Issue Date: 01 February 2013

Cite this article:

Biwu CHU,Jiming HAO,Junhua LI, et al. Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO_x photooxidation[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng, 2013, 7(1): 1-9.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2013/V7/I1/1

Tab.1 Preparation procedure in a photooxidation experiment

Tab.2 Experimental conditions and results in toluene photooxidation for ZnSO seed aerosols: initial toluene concentration (HC), initial ZnSO seed aerosols concentration (PM), initial NO concentrations (NO and NO-NO), ratio of HC/NO, generated SOA mass (), reacted hydrocarbon (Δ), SOA yield (), and time point to determine the generated SOA mass ()

Tab.3 Experimental conditions and results in toluene photooxidation for MnSO seed aerosols: initial toluene concentration (HC), initial MnSO seed aerosols concentration (PM), initial NO concentrations (NO and NO-NO), ratio of HC/NO, generated SOA mass (), reacted hydrocarbon (Δ), SOA yield (), and time point to determine the generated SOA mass ()

Fig.1 Time variations of the concentrations of O (a), -pinene (b) and NO (c) during toluene/NO photooxidation in the presence and absence of ZnSO seed aerosols

Fig.2 Size distribution variations with time in a seed-free experiment and ZnSO seed aerosols introduced experiments during toluene/NO photooxidation: (a) 2.7Tol-0Zn (seed-free experiment); (b) 2.7Tol-1.5Zn; (c) 2.7Tol-10Zn; and (d) 2.7Tol-18Zn

Fig.3 Temporal evolutions of SOA generation from toluene/NO photooxidation with different concentrations of ZnSO seed aerosols: (a) toluene=1.2 ppm; (b) toluene=2.7 ppm; (c) toluene=4.3 ppm; and (d) toluene=5.8 ppm

Fig.4 Temporal evolutions of SOA generation from toluene/NO photooxidation with different concentrations of MnSO seed aerosols: (a) toluene=1.2 ppm; (b) toluene=2.1 ppm; (c) toluene=3.2 ppm; and (d) toluene=4.2 ppm

Fig.5 SOA yield () variations as a function of generated SOA mass () from and toluene/NO photooxidation in the presence and absence of ZnSO seed aerosols (a) and MnSO seed aerosols (b)

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