Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating parameters using response surface methodology

doi:10.1007/s11783-016-0845-y

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (4) : 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0845-y

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating parameters using response surface methodology

Yan GUO,Chuanfu WU,Qunhui WANG(

),Min YANG,Qiqi HUANG,Markus MAGEP,Tianlong ZHENG

School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

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Abstract

The use of PLA/starch blends for nitrogen removal was achieved.

The influence of different operating parameters on responses was verified using RSM.

The conditions for desired responses were successfully optimized simultaneously.

Blends material may have a promising application prospect in the future.

Nitrogen removal from ammonium-containing wastewater was conducted using polylactic acid (PLA)/starch blends as carbon source and carrier for functional bacteria. The exclusive and interactive influences of operating parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, stirring rate, and PLA-to-starch ratio (PLA proportion)) on nitrification (Y₁), denitrification (Y₂), and COD release rates (Y₃) were investigated through response surface methodology. Experimental results indicated that nitrogen removal could be successfully achieved in the PLA/starch blends through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The carbon release rate of the blends was controllable. The sensitivity of Y₁, Y₂, and Y₃ to different operating parameters also differed. The sequence for each response was as follows: for Y₁, pH>stirring rate>PLA proportion>temperature; for Y₂, pH>PLA proportion>temperature>stirring rate; and for Y₃, stirring rate>pH>PLA proportion>temperature. In this study, the following optimum conditions were observed: temperature, 32.0°C; pH 7.7; stirring rate, 200.0 r·min^-1; and PLA proportion, 0.4. Under these conditions, Y₁, Y₂, and Y₃ were 134.0 μg-N·g-blend^-1·h^-1, 160.9 μg-N·g-blend^-1·h^-1, and 7.6 × 10³ μg-O·g-blend^-¹·h^-¹, respectively. These results suggested that the PLA/starch blends may be an ideal packing material for nitrogen removal.

Keywords Nitrogen removal Polylactic acid Starch Carbon source Response surface methodology

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Corresponding Author(s): Qunhui WANG

Issue Date: 12 May 2016

Cite this article:

Yan GUO,Chuanfu WU,Qunhui WANG, et al. Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating parameters using response surface methodology[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(4): 6.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-016-0845-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I4/6

Tab.1 Experimental range and levels of the independent variables

Tab.2 Central composite arrangement for independent variables and their responses

Tab.3 Regression coefficients of the model for the response functions in coded level

Fig.1 Ammonium, total nitrogen, and COD concentration change vs. time

Fig.2 Response surface plot for nitrification rate as a function of two factors (the third factor kept constant at central point)

Fig.3 Response surface plot for denitrification rate as a function of two factors (the third factor kept constant at central point)

Fig.4 Response surface plot for COD release rate as a function of two factors (the third factor kept constant at central point)

Tab.4 Optimized results at different cases of reassignment of importance

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