Rapid and long-effective removal of broad-spectrum pollutants from aqueous system by ZVI/oxidants

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1268-3

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (5) : 89 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1268-3

REVIEW ARTICLE

Rapid and long-effective removal of broad-spectrum pollutants from aqueous system by ZVI/oxidants

Sana Ullah^1,², Xuejun Guo¹(

), Xiaoyan Luo¹, Xiangyuan Zhang¹, Siwen Leng¹, Na Ma¹, Palwasha Faiz¹

¹. State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
². Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Mingora 19200, Pakistan

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Abstract

• The coupling of oxidants with ZVI overcome the impedance of ZVI passive layer.

• ZVI/oxidants system achieved fast and long-effective removal of contaminants.

• Multiple mechanisms are involved in contaminants removal by ZVI/oxidant system.

• ZVI/Oxidants did not change the reducing property of ORP in the fixed-bed system.

Zero-valent iron (ZVI) technology has recently gained significant interest in the efficient sequestration of a wide variety of contaminants. However, surface passivation of ZVI because of its intrinsic passive layer would lead to the inferior reactivity of ZVI and its lower efficacy in contaminant removal. Therefore, to activate the ZVI surface cheaply, continuously, and efficiently is an important challenge that ZVI technology must overcome before its wide-scale application. To date, several physical and chemical approaches have been extensively applied to increase the reactivity of the ZVI surface toward the elimination of broad-spectrum pollutants. Nevertheless, these techniques have several limitations such as low efficacy, narrow working pH, eco-toxicity, and high installation cost. The objective of this mini-review paper is to identify the critical role of oxygen in determining the reactivity of ZVI toward contaminant removal. Subsequently, the effect of three typical oxidants (H₂O₂, KMnO₄, and NaClO) on broad-spectrum contaminants removal by ZVI has been documented and discussed. The reaction mechanism and sequestration efficacies of the ZVI/oxidant system were evaluated and reviewed. The technical basis of the ZVI/oxidant approach is based on the half-reaction of the cathodic reduction of the oxidants. The oxidants commonly used in the water treatment industry, i.e., NaClO, O₃, and H₂O₂, can be served as an ideal coupling electron receptor. With the combination of these oxidants, the surface corrosion of ZVI can be continuously driven. The ZVI/oxidants technology has been compared with other conventional technologies and conclusions have been drawn.

Keywords Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) Oxidants Heavy Metals (HMs) Metalloids Nitrate, Phosphate

Corresponding Author(s): Xuejun Guo

Issue Date: 04 September 2020

Cite this article:

Sana Ullah,Xuejun Guo,Xiaoyan Luo, et al. Rapid and long-effective removal of broad-spectrum pollutants from aqueous system by ZVI/oxidants[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(5): 89.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-020-1268-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2020/V14/I5/89

Fig.1 SEM images of ZVI (a) in the presence of oxygen and (b) strong oxidant (c) XRD pattern of residual ZVI powder after reduction of nitrate (d) Fe²⁺ evolution in combine system of ZVI and oxidants. Reprinted with permission from Guo et al., Copyright (2015) Elsevier.

Fig.2 SEM images of ZVI obtained after column running for metal colloids sequester ((a) pure Fe⁰; (b) Fe⁰/H₂O₂; (c) Fe⁰/NaClO; (d) Fe⁰/KMnO₄). Reprinted with permission from Guo et al., Copyright (2016) Elsevier.

Fig.3 Schematic model of facilitated removal of HMs (a) and nitrate (b) by ZVI/oxidants. Reprinted with permission from Guo et al., Copyright (2015 and 2016) Elsevier.

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