The coupling of sand with ZVI/oxidants achieved proportional and highly efficient removal of arsenic

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1273-6

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2020, Vol. 14

Issue (6) : 94 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1273-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

The coupling of sand with ZVI/oxidants achieved proportional and highly efficient removal of arsenic

Sana Ullah^1,², Xuejun Guo¹(

), Xiaoyan Luo¹, Xiangyuan Zhang¹, Yameng Li¹, Ziyu Liang¹

¹. State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
². Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, 19200, Pakistan

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Abstract

• Simply doping sands with ZVI achieved an even activation of ZVI by oxidants.

• Sand doping facilitated proportional As trapping along the ZVI/oxidants column.

• ZVI/sand/oxidants are highly efficient for arsenic removal.

• ZVI/sand/oxidants reduced significantly the Fe²⁺ leaching and effluent turbidity.

• More than 54% of arsenic was reduced to As(III) in ZVI/sand/oxidants system.

The coupling of zero-valent iron (ZVI) with common oxidants has recently achieved very rapid and highly efficient removal of Heavy metals from wastewater. However, the uniform activation of ZVI throughout the column and the proportional removal of target contaminants are urgently required for the prevention of premature filter clogging and the extension of the effective column operational time. In this study, we successfully achieved this objective by simply doping granular sand with ZVI at appropriate weight ratios. When pure ZVI packed column was spiked with oxidants, the majority of As trapping occurred between the column inlet and the first sampling point. In a packed column with a 1:20 mixture of ZVI and sand, the average As removal efficiency was 36 (1st), 13.1 (2nd), 18.5 (3rd), 19.2 (4th) and 5.9% (5th outlet). The overall arsenic removal performance of the composite filling system of ZVI/sand was equally as efficient as that of the previous pure ZVI-packed system. Moreover, the leaching of Fe was significantly reduced with an increased sand ratio, resulting in clearer water with less turbidity. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that more than 54% of the arsenic was reduced to As(III). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the extensive corrosion of the ZVI surface, which resulted in various species of iron oxyhydroxides responsible for the highly efficient sequester of arsenic through reduction, adsorption, and coprecipitation.

Keywords Arsenic ZVI Sand Oxidants Fixed-bed Column Removal

Corresponding Author(s): Xuejun Guo

Issue Date: 24 July 2020

Cite this article:

Sana Ullah,Xuejun Guo,Xiaoyan Luo, et al. The coupling of sand with ZVI/oxidants achieved proportional and highly efficient removal of arsenic[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(6): 94.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-020-1273-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2020/V14/I6/94

Fig.1 Performance of arsenic removal at various sampling points along the ZVI/sand/oxidants columns ((a) ZVI/H₂O₂, 3 BV/h; (b) ZVI/H₂O₂, 10 BV/h; (c) ZVI/NaClO, 3 BV/h; (d) ZVI/NaClO, 10 BV/h).

Fig.2 Profile of total dissolved iron ((a) 10BV/h; (b) 3BV/h) and turbidity ((c)10BV/h; (d) 3BV/h) during As(V) removal by ZVI/sand/oxidants columns.

Fig.3 Variation of ORP at different sampling points during As(V) removal by ZVI/sand/oxidants systems ((a) ZVI/NaClO, 3 BV/h; (b) ZVI/H₂O₂, 3 BV/h; (c) ZVI/NaClO, 10 BV/h; (d) ZVI/H₂O₂, 10 BV/h).

Fig.4 SEM/EDS image of ZVI surface after arsenic reduction ((a) ZVI/sand= 1:0, H₂O₂; (b) ZVI/sand= 1:5, H₂O₂; (c) ZVI/sand= 1:20, H₂O₂; (d) ZVI/sand= 1:0, NaClO; (e) ZVI/sand= 1:5, NaClO; (f) ZVI/sand= 1:20, NaClO).

Fig.5 XRD patterns of Fe corrosion products expoliated from ZVI/sand ((a) 1:20, H₂O₂; (b) 1:20, NaCLO; (c) 1:5, H₂O₂; (d) 1:5, NaCLO; (e) 1:0, H₂O₂; (f) 1:0, NaCLO ) after the column running for arsenic removal at 10BV/h (A: Magnetite, B: Maghemite, C: Geothite, D: Lepidocrocite, E: Wuestite, F: FeOOH, G: Iron Arsenate)

Fig.6 As3d high-resolution XPS spectra of iron corrosion product collected from ZVI/sand/oxidants columns ((a) ZVI/sand 1:0, NaClO, 10BV/h; (b) ZVI/sand 1:0, H₂O₂, 10BV/h; (c) ZVI/sand 1:5, NaClO, 10BV/h; (d) ZVI/sand 1:5, H₂O₂, 10BV/h; (e) ZVI/sand 1:20, NaClO, 10BV/h; (f) ZVI/sand 1:20, H₂O₂, 10BV/h).

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