Stabilization of hexavalent chromium with pretreatment and high temperature sintering in highly contaminated soil

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1353-7

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2021, Vol. 15

Issue (4) : 61 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1353-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Stabilization of hexavalent chromium with pretreatment and high temperature sintering in highly contaminated soil

Haiyan Mou¹, Wenchao Liu^1,², Lili Zhao^1,³, Wenqing Chen¹(

), Tianqi Ao⁴

¹. College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
². Wuhan Economic & Technological Development Zone (Hannan) Urban Administration Bureau, Wuhan 430056, China
³. Geological Brigade of Sichuan Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources Geological, Chengdu 611830, China
⁴. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

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Abstract

• Separate reduction and sintering cannot be effective for Cr stabilization.

• Combined treatment of reduction and sintering is effective for Cr stabilization.

• Almost all the Cr in the reduced soil is residual form after sintering at 1000°C.

This study explored the effectiveness and mechanisms of high temperature sintering following pre-reduction with ferric sulfate (FeSO₄), sodium sulfide (Na₂S), or citric acid (C₆H₈O₇) in stabilizing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in highly contaminated soil. The soil samples had an initial total Cr leaching of 1768.83 mg/L, and Cr(VI) leaching of 1745.13 mg/L. When FeSO₄ or C₆H₈O₇ reduction was followed by sintering at 1000°C, the Cr leaching was reduced enough to meet the Safety Landfill Standards regarding general industrial solid waste. This combined treatment greatly improved the stabilization efficiency of chromium because the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) decreased the mobility of chromium and made it more easily encapsulated in minerals during sintering. SEM, XRD, TG-DSC, and speciation analysis indicated that when the sintering temperature reached 1000°C, almost all the chromium in soils that had the pre-reduction treatment was transformed into the residual form. At 1000°C, the soil melted and promoted the mineralization of Cr and the formation of new Cr-containing compounds, which significantly decreased subsequent leaching of chromium from the soil. However, without reduction treatment, chromium continued to leach from the soil even after being sintered at 1000°C, possibly because the soil did not fully fuse and because Cr(VI) does not bind with soil as easily as Cr(III).

Keywords Chromium Heavy contaminated soil Reduction Sintering Stabilization Speciation

Corresponding Author(s): Wenqing Chen

Issue Date: 22 October 2020

Cite this article:

Haiyan Mou,Wenchao Liu,Lili Zhao, et al. Stabilization of hexavalent chromium with pretreatment and high temperature sintering in highly contaminated soil[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(4): 61.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-020-1353-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2021/V15/I4/61

Fig.1 Characterization of Cr-contaminated soil (a. X-ray diffraction pattern, b. SEM image).

Tab.1 The main chemical composition of Cr-contaminated soil

Fig.2 The effect of adding amount of FeSO₄, Na₂S, C₆H₈O₇ on the concentrations of Cr(VI) and total Cr leaching (a, b, c), and chromium speciation in soil (d, e, f).

Fig.3 The effects of adding amount of FeSO₄ (a), Na₂S (b), C₆H₈O₇ (c) on soil pH.

Fig.4 The effects of sintering temperature on chromium leaching concentration (a, b, c, d) and Cr speciation (e, f, g, h) of original soil, FeSO₄-Rsoil, Na₂S-Rsoil, C₆H₈O₇-Rsoil.

Fig.5 X-ray diffraction pattern of FeSO₄-Rsoil (a), Na₂S-Rsoil (b), C₆H₈O₇-Rsoil (c) after sintering at 1000°C.

Fig.6 TG and DSC curves of the Cr-contaminated soil.

Fig.7 The SEM image of original soil (a), FeSO₄-Rsoil (b), Na₂S-Rsoil (c), C₆H₈O₇-Rsoil (d) after sintering at 1000°C.

Fig.8 The SEM image of FeSO₄-Rsoil (a. ×100 times, 600°C; b. ×2000 times, 600°C; c. ×100 times, 800°C; d. ×2000 times, 800°C; e. ×100 times, 1000°C; f. ×2000 times, 1000°C).

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