Self-sustained catalytic combustion of CO enhanced by micro fluidized bed: stability operation, fluidization state and CFD simulation

doi:10.1007/s11783-023-1709-x

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2023, Vol. 17

Issue (9) : 109 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-023-1709-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Self-sustained catalytic combustion of CO enhanced by micro fluidized bed: stability operation, fluidization state and CFD simulation

Zirui Zhang^1,², Chenhang Zhang¹, Huan Liu¹, Feng Bin¹, Xiaolin Wei¹, Running Kang¹, Shaohua Wu³(

), Wenming Yang⁴, Hongpeng Xu⁵(

)

¹. State Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
². School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, China
⁴. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
⁵. School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China

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Abstract

● Catalytic combustion in fluidized bed realizes efficient heat and mass transfer.

● Catalytic combustion in fluidized bed reduces the lean combustion limits.

● Catalytic combustion and flame combustion can be coupled.

● The diffusion/kinetics limited reaction model is suitable for catalytic combustion.

A micro fluidized bed reactor was used to study the self-sustaining catalytic combustion of carbon monoxide (CO). The Cu_1−xCe_xO_y catalyst, as well as the pure CuO and CeO₂, are used to investigate the contributing mechanism of different active sites including dispersed CuO and Cu–Ce solid solutions. The ignition temperature (T_i) of CO over these catalysts at a flow rate of 2000 mL/min followed the order: 74 °C (Cu_0.5Ce_0.5O_y) < 75 °C (Cu_0.25Ce_0.75O_y) < 84 °C (Cu_0.75Ce_0.25O_y) < 105 °C (CuO) < 500 °C (CeO₂). Furthermore, the lean combustion limits (equivalence ratio ϕ) over these catalysts under the flow rates of 750–3000 mL/min (through fixed, bubbling, and fluidized bed) were also measured, which are Cu_0.5Ce_0.5O_y< Cu_0.25Ce_0.75O_y< Cu_0.75Ce_0.25O_y< CuO < CeO₂. The fluidized bed was simulated using the Eulerian two-fluid model (TFM) coupled with a diffusion/kinetic-limited reaction model to evaluate the influence of operation conditions on the self-sustained combustion of CO. The predicted maximum temperature agreed with the experimental measurements, demonstrating the validity of the kinetic model and simulation parameters. The results of catalytic combustion with increasing CO concentrations suggest that the catalytic combustion reaction could co-exist with the flamed combustion. When a high concentration of CO is used, a blue-purple flame caused by CO combustion appears in the upper part of the fluidized bed, indicating that the range of CO-containing exhaust gas purification could be expanded to a larger range using the fluidized-bed catalytic combustion technique.

Keywords Self-sustained catalytic combustion Carbon monoxide Cu_1–xCe_xO_y Fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics

Corresponding Author(s): Feng Bin,Shaohua Wu,Hongpeng Xu

Issue Date: 31 March 2023

Cite this article:

Zirui Zhang,Chenhang Zhang,Huan Liu, et al. Self-sustained catalytic combustion of CO enhanced by micro fluidized bed: stability operation, fluidization state and CFD simulation[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(9): 109.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-023-1709-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2023/V17/I9/109

Fig.1 X-ray diffractogram (a) and average Raman spectra (b) of catalysts.

Fig.2 X-ray photoelectron spectra of the catalysts in the Cu 2p (a) and Ce 3d (b).

Tab.1 The surface elemental valence distribution and the H₂/CO consumption of catalysts during H₂-TPR and CO-TPD test

Fig.3 H₂-temperature-programmed reduction (a) and CO- temperature-programmed desorption (b) profiles of catalysts.

Fig.4 Ignition curves of CO and the temperature fields in micro-fluidized bed reactor under 5% CO/air atmosphere and 2000 mL/min flow rate.

Fig.5 Determination of Q_mf, Q_mb and ΔP_max in a typical operation (Dt =20 mm, dp =0.2–0.3 mm and Hs =100 mm).

Fig.6 Lean limits of CO self-sustained combustion (a), corresponding bed axial (b) and wall (c) temperatures.

Fig.7 Axial wall temperature along the combustion chamber.

Fig.8 Detection of induced flames at high CO concentration experimental sketch (a), bed temperatures and electricity (b), photograph of CO concentration of 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (c).

Fig.9 Measured vs. simulated temperature along the axial direction of the reactor with Cu_0.5Ce_0.5O_y being catalyst.

Fig.10 Self-sustained catalytic combustion at the corresponding lean combustion limit conditions of 1000, 2000 and 3000 mL/min (from left to right): (a) particle volume fraction, (b) gas velocity, (c) CO₂ concentration and (d) combustion temperature distribution.

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