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Front. Biol.    2014, Vol. 9 Issue (4) : 324-331    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-014-1322-2
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Apathy in Parkinson disease
Marina NODEL1,*(),Nikolay YAKHNO1,Anastasia MEDVEDEVA1,Michail KULIKOV2
1. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
2. Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117485, Russia
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Abstract

Apathy is one of the least investigated symptom of Parkinson disease (PD). In the article there are data of frequency, diagnostic features, pathophysiology and treatment of apathy in PD. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the frequency of apathy in PD without dementia, evaluate the relationship with other neuropsychiatric and motor disorders, influence on the life quality. 115 patients (age-63.84±0.6 years, stage-2.6±0.3) with PD without dementia were included in the investigation. There were used the following scales: scale of evaluation stages of PD by Hoehn-Yahr, UPDRS (part ?activity of daily living?, ?motor functions ?); Beck Depression Inventory, Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale- PDSS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson Fatigue Scale-PFS-16, SCOPA-Cog, Lilli Apathy Rating Scale LARS and Apathy Scale AS.

Apathy was found in 25% of patients. The frequency and severity of apathy does not depend on stage and duration of PD. It was found positive correlation of apathy and hypokinesia. In different stages of PD there was variability of relationships of apathy with depression, executive functions and sleep disorders. We suppose the heterogeneity of apathy in PD because of the variability of the association with other neuropsychiatric (affective, cognitive, sleep) disorders. It was found the negative influence of apathy on daily activity, emotional and social aspects of life quality.
Keywords Parkinson disease      neuropsychiatric symptoms      apathy      heterogeneity     
Corresponding Author(s): Marina NODEL   
Issue Date: 11 August 2014
 Cite this article:   
Marina NODEL,Nikolay YAKHNO,Anastasia MEDVEDEVA, et al. Apathy in Parkinson disease[J]. Front. Biol., 2014, 9(4): 324-331.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/10.1007/s11515-014-1322-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/Y2014/V9/I4/324
Light degreeModerate degreeSevere degreeTotal
1 stage2114 (13.8%)
2 stage47213 (44.8%)
3 stage2428 (27.6%)
4 stage1124 (13.8%)
Total913729 (100%)
Tab.1  Patients according to the degree of apathy on different stages of PD by LARS scale
LARS interestsLARS novelty seekingLARS motivation- voluntary actionsLARS total scoreAS total score
PDQ- total scorer=0.73, 0.05<p<0.1(1 stage)
PDQ-emotional well-beingr=0.76, p<0.05(1 stage)
PDQ- Stigmar=0.89, p<0.05 (1 stage) n=0.69, 0.05<p<0.1(4 stage)r=0.52, p<0.05(2 stage )
PDQ-cognitionsr=0.75, 0.05<p<0.1(1 stage)r=0.54, p<0.05(2 stage )r=0.52, p<0.05(2 stage)
PDQ-social supportr=0.63, 0.05<p<0.1(4 stage)
PDQ-body discomfortr=0.71, 0.05<p<0.1(1 stage)
UPDRSActivity of daily livingr=0.52, p<0.05(3 stage )r=0.52, p<0.05(2 stage)
Tab.2  The influence of apathy on life quality
Fig.1  The distance between groups is calculated, and does not have interpretive value. Age-the age of onset PD;?Apathy AS-total score AS; Apathy LARS-total LARS score; Executive function-Executive function domain SCOPA- Cog; Cognition-total score SCOPA-Cog ;??Sleep-total score PDSS; Motor functions-part 3 UPDRS , ADL-Activity daily living-part 4 UPDRS; Depression–total score BDI ; Trait Anхiety –score STAI;?Fatigue-mean score PFS-16; Qol-total score PDQ-39.
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