Energy supply for water electrolysis systems using wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen: a case study of Iran

doi:10.1007/s11708-019-0635-x

Front. Energy

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (3) : 539-550 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-019-0635-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Energy supply for water electrolysis systems using wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen: a case study of Iran

Mostafa REZAEI(

), Ali MOSTAFAEIPOUR, Mojtaba QOLIPOUR, Mozhgan MOMENI

Industrial Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran

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Abstract

Due to acute problems caused by fossil fuels that threaten the environment, conducting research on other types of energy carriers that are clean and renewable is of great importance. Since in the past few years hydrogen has been introduced as the future fuel, the aim of this study is to evaluate wind and solar energy potentials in prone areas of Iran by the Weibull distribution function (WDF) and the Angstrom-Prescott (AP) equation for hydrogen production. To this end, the meteorological data of solar radiation and wind speed recorded at 10 m height in the time interval of 3 h in a five-year period have been used. The findings indicate that Manjil and Zahedan with yearly wind and solar energy densities of 6004 (kWh/m²) and 2247 (kWh/m²), respectively, have the greatest amount of energy among the other cities. After examining three different types of commercial wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) systems, it becomes clear that by utilizing one set of Gamesa G47 turbine, 91 kg/d of hydrogen, which provides energy for 91 car/week, can be produced in Manjil and will save about 1347 L of gasoline in the week. Besides, by installing one thousand sets of X21-345 PV systems in Zahedan, 20 kg/d of hydrogen, enough for 20 cars per week, can be generated and 296 L of gasoline can be saved. Finally, the RETScreen software is used to calculate the annual CO₂ emission reduction after replacing gasoline with the produced hydrogen.

Keywords wind energy solar energy water electrolysis hydrogen production Weibull distribution function (WDF) Angstrom-Prescott (AP) equation

Corresponding Author(s): Mostafa REZAEI

Online First Date: 08 July 2019 Issue Date: 04 September 2019

Cite this article:

Mostafa REZAEI,Ali MOSTAFAEIPOUR,Mojtaba QOLIPOUR, et al. Energy supply for water electrolysis systems using wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen: a case study of Iran[J]. Front. Energy, 2019, 13(3): 539-550.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-019-0635-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2019/V13/I3/539

Tab.1 Geographical characteristics of 10 cities with the highest mean wind speed between 2000 and 2014

Tab.2 Geographical characteristics of 10 cities for evaluation solar energy

Tab.3 Average days of each month and values of declination angle

Tab.4 Worst-case scenario and the best conditions for losses of PV systems

Fig.1 The examined wind/solar to hydrogen energy conversion system (reprinted with permission from Ref. [²⁵])

Tab.5 Average values of k, c, and wind energy density at the height of 40 m

Tab.6 Technical data of selected wind turbines at a hub height of 40 m

Tab.7 C_f values and the amount of energy produced by the turbines, the reduction in annual CO₂ emission, and hydrogen production

Fig.2 Hydrogen production (t/a) via the proposed system using wind turbines

Tab.8 Hydrogen production by installation of Gamesa G47 turbine, gasoline saved and annual CO2 emission reduced

Tab.9 Values of a and b calculated in Ref. [⁴⁴] and average annual radiation

Tab.10 Technical data of selected PV modules

Tab.11 Amount of electricity (kWh/a) gained at output of PV systems considering 2 scenarios

Fig.3 Hydrogen production (t/a) via the system proposed by installing 1000 sets of the examined PV systems

Tab.12 Reduction in CO₂ emission after using hydrogen produced as fuel for cars

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