Parameters that control and influence the organo-metal halide perovskite crystallization and morphology

doi:10.1007/s12200-016-0630-3

Front. Optoelectron.

2016, Vol. 9

Issue (1) : 44-52 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-016-0630-3

REVIEW ARTICLE

Parameters that control and influence the organo-metal halide perovskite crystallization and morphology

Bat-El COHEN,Lioz ETGAR(

)

Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Jerusalem 91904, Israel

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Abstract

This review discusses various parameters that influence and control the organo-metal halide perovskite crystallization process. The effect of the perovskite morphology on the photovoltaic performance is a critical factor. Moreover, it has a dramatic effect on the stability of the perovskite, which has significant importance for later use of the organo-metal perovskite in assorted applications. In this review, we brought together several research investigations that describe the main parameters that significantly influence perovskite crystallization, for example, the annealing process, the precursor solvent, anti-solvent treatment, and additives to the iteite solutions.

Keywords hybrid perovskite morphology crystallization perovskite surface

Corresponding Author(s): Lioz ETGAR

Just Accepted Date: 19 February 2016 Online First Date: 16 March 2016 Issue Date: 18 March 2016

Cite this article:

Bat-El COHEN,Lioz ETGAR. Parameters that control and influence the organo-metal halide perovskite crystallization and morphology[J]. Front. Optoelectron., 2016, 9(1): 44-52.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/10.1007/s12200-016-0630-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/EN/Y2016/V9/I1/44

Fig.1 (a) One-step and multi-step methods; (b) insets are photographs of perovskite films. Taken with permission from Ref. [8]

Fig.2 SEM images of the perovskite film precursor. The films were annealed under various conditions. (a) and (b) under nitrogen; (c) and (d) in ambient air; (e) and (f) in an oxygen environment. The small white dots in the SEM images are evaporated gold particles on the perovskite film surface to reduce charge effect during SEM measurements. Taken with permission from Ref. [14]

Fig.3 Schematic view of the crystal growth process of perovskite thin film via molecular self-assembly approach in the presence of DMSO. Taken with permission from Ref. [19]

Fig.4 Schematic illustration of spin coating process for preparing perovskite films based on a DMAC solution of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (upper); based on a DMF solution of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (lower). Taken with permission from Ref. [21]

Fig.5 Scheme of solvent engineering process. Taken with permission from Ref. [16]

Fig.6 Topographical SEM images (a-c) pristine PbI₂ with HI and PbI₂ with HCl on the TiO₂ dense layer coated FTO, respectively. (d-f) CH₃NH₃PbI₃, CH₃NH₃PbI₃ + HI, and CH₃NH₃PbI₃ + HCl, respectively, after sequentially reacting with CH₃NH₃I. Taken with permission from Ref. [30]

Fig.7 (a) Schematic illustration of the configurations of PbI₂, HPbI₃ and FAPbI₃; (b) solubility comparisons of PbI₂ (left) and HPbI₃ (right) in DMF. Both solutions have a concentration of 2 mol/L and have been stirred for 24 h. Taken with permission from Ref. [31]

Fig.8 Schematic of the processes of fabricating PbI₂ and perovskite films: (a) C-PbI₂ and (b) SAP-PbI₂. Taken with permission from Ref. [40]

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