Origin of high mechanical quality factor in CuO-doped (K, Na)NbO<sub>3</sub>-based ceramics

doi:10.1007/s11706-014-0245-9

Front. Mater. Sci.

2014, Vol. 8

Issue (2) : 165-175 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-014-0245-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Origin of high mechanical quality factor in CuO-doped (K, Na)NbO₃-based ceramics

Wen-Feng LIANG^1,^2,³(

),Ding-Quan XIAO^1,^*(

),Jia-Gang WU¹,Wen-Juan WU¹,Jian-Guo ZHU¹

1. Department of Materials Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
2. CAEP Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
3. Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

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Abstract

The origin of a high mechanical quality in CuO-doped (K, Na)NbO₃-based ceramics is addressed by considering the correlations between the lattice positions of Cu ions and the hardening effect in K_0.48Na_0.52+xNbO₃--0.01CuO ceramics. The Cu ions simultaneously occupy K/Na and Nb sites of these ceramics with x = 0 and 0.02, only occupy the K/Na site of the ceramics with x = --0.02, and mostly form a secondary phase of the ceramics with x = --0.05. The Cu ions lead to the hardening of ceramics with an increase of E_C and Q_m by only occupying the K/Na site, together with the formation of double hysteresis loops in un-poled compositions. A defect model is proposed to illuminate the origin of a high Q_m value, that is, the domain stabilization is dominated by the content of relatively mobile O^2-- ions in the ceramics, which has a weak bonding with Cu_K/Na defects.

Keywords lead-free piezoelectric ceramic (K, Na)NbO₃ (KNN) mechanism of hardening effect mechanical quality factor Q_m domain stabilization

Corresponding Author(s): Ding-Quan XIAO

Issue Date: 24 June 2014

Cite this article:

Wen-Feng LIANG,Ding-Quan XIAO,Jia-Gang WU, et al. Origin of high mechanical quality factor in CuO-doped (K, Na)NbO₃-based ceramics[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2014, 8(2): 165-175.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-014-0245-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2014/V8/I2/165

Fig.1 (a) XRD patterns for KNN–Cu-x ceramics. (b) Identification of the secondary phase.

Fig.2 SEM images of the surface for KNN–Cu-x ceramics: (a)x = 0.02; (b)x = 0; (c)x = -0.02; (d)x = -0.05.

Fig.3 EDS data of the surface for KNN–Cu-x ceramics on average: (a)x = 0.02; (b)x = 0; (c)x = -0.02; (d)x = -0.05.

Tab.1 Average atomic ratios in the ceramics surface for KNN–Cu-x ceramics

Fig.4 EDS data of the area rich in Cu ions for KNN–Cu-x ceramics: (a)x = 0.02; (b)x = 0; (c)x = -0.02; (d)x = -0.05.

Tab.2 Atomic ratios of the area rich in Cu ions for KNN–Cu-x ceramics

Fig.5 (a)(b)(c)(d)P–E hysteresis loops and (e) ferroelectric properties for KNN–Cu-x ceramics.

Fig.6 Piezoelectric properties for KNN–Cu-x ceramics.

Fig.7 Mechanical loss properties for KNN–Cu-x ceramics.

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