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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering

ISSN 2095-2430

ISSN 2095-2449(Online)

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Front. Struct. Civ. Eng.    2019, Vol. 13 Issue (6) : 1338-1349    https://doi.org/10.1007/s17009-019-0558-2
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of fiber hybridization on energy absorption and synergy in concrete
Ahmadreza RAMEZANI, Mohammad Reza ESFAHANI()
Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1111, Iran
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Abstract

In the present study, steel and polypropylene (PP) fibers have been utilized with the intent of obtaining hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (HFRC) with desirable mechanical properties. An attempt has been made to scrutinize the properties of HFRC with the main concentration being on energy absorption characteristics of concrete and the efficacy of fiber hybridization in producing synergy. Accordingly, a total of 180 specimens, representing 20 different mixtures have been cast and evaluated through compressive, split tensile, and flexural tests. The relevant flexural toughness of the specimens was calculated using ASTM C1018, ASTM C1609, JSCE, and PCS methods, and the effectiveness of these methods was evaluated based on the experimental results. It was observed that steel fibers are more effective in the improvement of flexural toughness in the presence of PP fibers. Furthermore, synergy associated with the combination of fibers at different stages of deflection of the beam specimens was observed and analyzed.
Keywords hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete      synergy      toughness      steel fibers      polypropylene fibers     
Corresponding Author(s): Mohammad Reza ESFAHANI   
Just Accepted Date: 26 July 2019   Online First Date: 09 October 2019    Issue Date: 21 November 2019
 Cite this article:   
Ahmadreza RAMEZANI,Mohammad Reza ESFAHANI. Effect of fiber hybridization on energy absorption and synergy in concrete[J]. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2019, 13(6): 1338-1349.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/10.1007/s17009-019-0558-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fsce/EN/Y2019/V13/I6/1338
parameter value unit
density 7.85 g/cm3
tensile strength 809 MPa
length 50 mm
diameter 0.8 mm
aspect ratio 62.5 –
Tab.1  Physical properties of steel fibers
parameter value unit
density 0.91 g/cm3
elongation 80 %
tensile strength 345 MPa
length 12 mm
diameter 35 microns
Tab.2  Physical properties of PP fibers
cement (kg/m3) water (kg/m3) coarse aggregate (kg/m3) fine aggregate (kg/m3) silica fume (kg/m3) super plasticizer (kg/m3)
400 170 650 1175 20 2.5
Tab.3  Mixture proportion for main test program
Fig.1  Proposed method by ASTM C1018 to determine flexural toughness.
Fig.2  the Proposed method by Banthia and Trottier [31] that divides the load-deflection curve into 2 regions.
group mixture compressive strength
(MPa)		 average strength of the group*
(MPa)		 split tensile strength
(MPa)		 average strength of the group (MPa) flexural strength
(MPa)		 average strength of the group (MPa) first-crack deflection
(mm)
1 P0S0 39.57 39.57 3.84 3.84 4.20 4.20 0.25
2 P0.2S0 41.91 42.56 4.24 4.25 4.92 5.09 0.28
P0.4S0 43.80 4.45 5.22 0.28
P0.6S0 41.97 4.08 4.96 0.27
3 P0S0.25 42.44 44.23 4.39 4.50 5.04 5.23 0.26
P0S0.5 44.55 4.44 5.07 0.25
P0S0.75 44.95 4.65 5.40 0.29
P0S1 45.50 4.60 5.43 0.27
4 P0.2S0.25 44.83 45.20 4.45 4.77 5.1 5.36 0.30
P0.2S0.5 45.73 4.58 5.12 0.29
P0.2S0.75 45.75 4.72 5.48 0.31
P0.2S1 44.48 5.33 5.76 0.33
5 P0.4S0.25 44.20 46.23 4.45 5.06 5.72 6.20 0.29
P0.4S0.5 46.66 5.07 5.83 0.31
P0.4S0.75 45.84 4.90 6.14 0.30
P0.4S1 46.84 5.85 7.12 0.37
6 P0.6S0.25 43.40 43.87 4.42 4.91 5.00 5.53 0.26
P0.6S0.5 46.35 5.16 5.26 0.28
P0.6S0.75 43.34 5.02 5.58 0.30
P0.6S1 42.40 5.07 6.30 0.35
Tab.4  Test results for compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths
Fig.3  Load-deflection curve of mixtures P0S0, P0.2S0, P0.4S0 and P0.6S0.
Fig.4  Load-deflection curve of mixtures P0S0.25, P0S0.5, P0S0.75, and P0S1.
Fig.5  Load-deflection curve of mixtures P0.2S0.25, P0.2S0.5, P0.2S0.75, and P0.2S1.
Fig.6  Load-deflection curve of mixtures P0.4S0.25, P0.4S0.5, P0.4S0.75, and P0.4S1.
Fig.7  Load-deflection curve of mixtures P0.6S0.25, P0.6S0.5, P0.6S0.75, and P0.6S1.
Fig.8  Failure in flexural test.
Fig.9  Comparison of mixtures with a total fiber content of 1% and less.
Fig.10  Comparison of mixtures with a total fiber content of 1% and higher.
mixture test method
ASTM C1018 JSCE PCS ASTM C1609
I5 I10 I20 σb¯ L/450 L/300 L/150 RT,150 D
P0S0.25 3.35 5.18 6.84 1.90 2.83 2.42 2.12 14.24
P0S0.5 4.85 7.61 13.15 2.35 2.68 3.10 2.83 18.50
P0S0.75 3.66 5.78 7.93 3.00 3.58 3.97 3.58 19.40
P0S1 4.43 9.27 15.54 3.10 3.80 4.10 3.20 19.90
Tab.5  Toughness indices of mixtures P0S0.25, P0S0.5, P0S0.75, and P0S1
mixture test method
ASTM C1018 JSCE PCS ASTM C1609
I5 I10 I20 σb¯ L/450 L/300 L/150 RT,150 D
P0.2S0.25 3.10 4.95 5.72 2.40 3.22 3.10 2.40 16.10
P0.2S0.5 4.43 7.00 9.66 2.64 4.00 3.63 2.73 17.18
P0.2S0.75 4.26 7.17 9.62 3.38 4.40 3.95 3.65 19.55
P0.2S1 5.04 7.58 10.97 4.12 4.45 6.31 4.93 23.03
Tab.6  Toughness indices of mixtures P0.2S0.25, P0.2S0.5, P0.2S0.75 and P0.2S1
mixture test method
ASTM C1018 JSCE PCS ASTM C1609
I5 I10 I20 σb¯ L/450 L/300 L/150 RT,150 D
P0.4S0.25 3.06 4.81 6.60 2.50 3.37 3.10 2.38 14.11
P0.4S0.5 3.54 5.28 6.77 2.40 3.75 3.10 2.47 14.94
P0.4S0.75 4.44 7.18 13.95 3.63 4.60 4.40 4.70 18.04
P0.4S1 3.00 4.54 6.62 4.30 6.74 6.00 4.54 21.32
Tab.7  Toughness indices of mixtures P0.4S0.25, P0.4S0.5, P0.4S0.75 and P0.4S1
mixture test method
ASTM C1018 JSCE PCS ASTM C1609
I5 I10 I20 σb¯ L/450 L/300 L/150 RT,150 D
P0.6S0.25 4.26 6.92 10.55 2.23 3.41 3.20 2.30 14.92
P0.6S0.5 5.00 9.17 14.10 3.48 4.90 4.72 4.45 23.00
P0.6S0.75 6.40 11.97 18.73 4.08 5.40 5.50 4.70 23.60
P0.6S1 3.58 5.12 6.98 3.74 6.56 5.70 3.84 21.42
Tab.8  Toughness indices of mixtures P0.6S0.25, P0.6S0.5, P0.6S0.75 and P0.6S1
PP fiber volume content average of toughness indices of the mixtures containing the same amount of PP fibers
ASTM C1018 JSCE PCS ASTM C1609
I5 I10 I20 σb‾ L/450 L/300 L/150 RT,150 D
0 4.07 6.96 10.86 2.65 3.21 3.39 2.93 17.76
0.2 4.20 6.67 8.99 3.15 4.01 4.24 3.42 19.71
0.4 3.51 5.45 8.48 3.20 4.61 4.15 3.52 16.87
0.6 4.81 8.30 12.59 3.50 5.06 4.78 3.82 21.23
Tab.9  Toughness indices at a constant steel fiber content
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