The interactive effect of temperature and fertilizer types determines the dominant microbes in nitrous oxide emissions and the dicyandiamide efﬁcacy in a vegetable soil

doi:10.1007/s42832-023-0213-3

Soil Ecology Letters

2024, Vol. 6

Issue (3) : 230213 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-023-0213-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

The interactive effect of temperature and fertilizer types determines the dominant microbes in nitrous oxide emissions and the dicyandiamide efﬁcacy in a vegetable soil

Xiaoya Xu^1,², Haiyang Liu¹, Yaowei Liu¹, Didier Lesueur^3,^4,^5,^6,⁷, Laetitia Herrmann^5,⁶, Hongjie Di¹, Caixian Tang⁸, Jianming Xu¹, Yong Li¹(

)

¹. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
². College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
³. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR Eco & Sols, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁴. Eco & Sols, Université de Montpellier (UMR), CIRAD, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Montpellier SupAgro, 34060 Montpellier, France
⁵. Alliance of Biodiversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Asia hub, Common Microbial Biotechnology Platform (CMBP), Hanoi, Vietnam
⁶. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment–Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia
⁷. Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571737, China
⁸. La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia

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Abstract

● Dicyandiamide decreased N₂O emissions even under 40°C.

● Ammonia oxidizers and nirS were well adapted to 40°C in manured soils.

● Fungal nirK tolerated high temperature better in urea than manure treatment.

● Compared to nosZ II, nosZ I adapted to all temperature regardless of fertilization.

● nirS -denitrifier dominated N₂O emissions at high temperature in fertilized soil.

Heat waves associated with global warming and extreme climates would arouse serious consequences on nitrogen (N) cycle. However, the responses of the functional guilds to different temperatures, especially high temperature and the cascading effect on N₂O emissions remain unclear. An incubation study was conducted to examine the effect of different temperatures (20°C, 30°C, and 40°C) and fertilizer types (urea and manure) on N₂O-producers and N₂O-reducers, as well as the efficacy of dicyandiamide (DCD) on N₂O emissions in a vegetable soil. Results showed that ammonia oxidizers and nirS-type denitrifiers were well adapted to high temperature (40°C) with manure application, while the fungal nirK-denitrifiers had better tolerance with urea application. The nosZ clade I microbes had a strong adaptability to various temperatures regardless of fertilization type, while the growth of nosZ clade II group microbes in non-fertilized soil (control) were significantly inhibited at higher temperature. The N₂O emissions were significantly decreased with increasing temperature and DCD application (up to 60%, even at 40°C). Under high temperature conditions, fungal denitrifiers play a significant role in N-limited soils (non-fertilized) while nirS-type denitrifiers was more important in fertilized soils in N₂O emissions, which should be specially targeted when mitigating N₂O emissions under global warming climate.

Keywords nitrogen fertilizer microorganisms nitrification inhibitor bacteria archaea fungi

Corresponding Author(s): Yong Li

Issue Date: 13 December 2023

Cite this article:

Xiaoya Xu,Haiyang Liu,Yaowei Liu, et al. The interactive effect of temperature and fertilizer types determines the dominant microbes in nitrous oxide emissions and the dicyandiamide efﬁcacy in a vegetable soil[J]. Soil Ecology Letters, 2024, 6(3): 230213.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/sel/EN/10.1007/s42832-023-0213-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/sel/EN/Y2024/V6/I3/230213

Fig.1 The effects of fertilizer type (urea and manure) and addition of dicyandiamide (DCD) on the concentrations of NH₄⁺-N (A?C) and NO₃^?-N (D?F) at soil temperatures of 20, 30 and 40°C during 90 days of incubation. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of the means (S.E.M.).

Fig.2 The effects of fertilizer type (urea and manure) and addition of dicyandiamide (DCD) on hourly N₂O fluxes (A?C) and total N₂O emissions (D) at soil temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C during 90 days of incubation. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of the means (S.E.M.). Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in the N₂O emissions with different fertilizer types and DCD application, as indicated by the analysis of variance (LSD) method. Asterisks ** and *** indicate a significant difference between different temperature conditions at P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively.

Tab.1 The inhibition efficiency of dicyandiamide (DCD) to N₂O emissions in urea and manure treatments at different temperatures.

Tab.2 Two-way ANOVA revealing the effects of fertilizer type (Fer), temperature (Tem) and their interaction (Fer×Tem) on the abundances of functional genes at days 20 and 65.

Fig.3 The effects of fertilizer type (urea and manure) and addition of dicyandiamide (DCD) on the abundances of archaeal amoA gene (A?C) and bacterial amoA gene (D?F) at soil temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C at 0, 20, and 65 days of incubation. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of the means (S.E.M.).

Fig.4 The effects of fertilizer type (urea and manure) and addition of dicyandiamide (DCD) on the abundances of nirS gene (A?C), nirK gene (D?F) and fungal nirK gene (G?I) at soil temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C at 0, 20, and 65 days of incubation. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of the means (S.E.M.).

Fig.5 The effects of fertilizer type (urea and manure) and addition of dicyandiamide (DCD) on the abundance of nosZ clade I gene (A?C) and nosZ clade II gene (D?F) at soil temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C during at 0, 20, and 65 days of incubation. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of the means (S.E.M.).

Fig.6 Linear and polynomial regression relationships of N₂O-producers (including AOA, AOB, nirK-type, nirS-type and fungal nirK-type denitrier) with nosZ clade (I and II) and N₂O emission at temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C. Only correlations that are significant at P < 0.05 are given.

Fig.7 Structural equation models based on the effects of temperature on mineral N concentrations, N₂O emissions and related microorganism abundance in the control (A), urea (B) and manure (C) treatments. Blue and red arrows indicate significant positive and negative relationships, respectively. Gray dotted arrows indicate non-significant relationships. Numbers at arrows are standardized path coefficients. The width of arrows indicates the strength of the relationships. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05.

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