Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production

doi:10.1007/s11705-012-1282-5

Front Chem Sci Eng

2012, Vol. 6

Issue (2) : 210-215 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-012-1282-5

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production

Supriyono SUWITO^1,2, Giuliano DRAGONE¹(

), Hary SULISTYO², Bardi MURACHMAN², Suryo PURWONO², José TEIXEIRA¹

1. Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; 2. Chemical Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

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Abstract

A central composite rotatable design and response surface methodology were used in order to investigate the individual and combined effects of the ethanol-to-oil ratio, H₂SO₄ concentration, temperature and time of reaction on the reduction of free fatty acid (FFA) in jatropha oil. A quadratic polynomial model relating the reaction variables with FFA reduction was developed, presenting a good coefficient of determination (R²= 0.893). For reducing FFA to less than 1%, the optimal combination was found to be 0.62 v·v^-1 ethanol-to-oil ratio (14.9 v·v^-1 ethanol-to-FFA ratio), 1.7% v·v^-1 H₂SO₄ concentration, and 79 min reaction time at a reaction temperature of 54°C. These results are of great relevance to maximize methyl esters formation by transesterification using an alkaline catalyst.

Keywords biodiesel biofuel esterification free fatty acids jatropha curcas oil

Corresponding Author(s): DRAGONE Giuliano,Email:gdragone@deb.uminho.pt

Issue Date: 05 June 2012

Cite this article:

Supriyono SUWITO,Giuliano DRAGONE,Hary SULISTYO, et al. Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production[J]. Front Chem Sci Eng, 2012, 6(2): 210-215.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-012-1282-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2012/V6/I2/210

Tab.1 Fatty acid composition and physical properties of jatropha oil used in this study

Tab.2 Levels and range of the independent variables used in the esterification process according to CCRD

Tab.3 Observed and predicted values of the reduction of FFA content in jatropha oil according to the full-factorial CCRD

Tab.4 Effect estimates, standard errors, -test and -values for the reduction of FFA content in jatropha oil according to the full-factorial CCRD

Fig.1 Contour plots of FFA reduction (%) as a function of: (a) ethanol-to-oil ratio and acid catalyst concentration, (b) ethanol-to-oil ratio and time, and (c) acid catalyst concentration and temperature, predicted from the quadratic model.

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