Optimal locations of monitoring stations in water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns: a flaw of demand coverage method and modification

doi:10.1007/s11783-011-0364-9

Front Envir Sci Eng

2012, Vol. 6

Issue (2) : 204-212 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-011-0364-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Optimal locations of monitoring stations in water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns: a flaw of demand coverage method and modification

Shuming LIU¹(

), Wenjun LIU¹, Jinduan CHEN², Qi WANG³

1. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0077, USA; 3. Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK

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Abstract

A flaw of demand coverage method in solving optimal monitoring stations problem under multiple demand patterns was identified in this paper. In the demand coverage method, the demand coverage of each set of monitoring stations is calculated by accumulating their demand coverage under each demand pattern, and the impact of temporal distribution between different time periods or demand patterns is ignored. This could lead to miscalculation of the optimal locations of the monitoring stations. To overcome this flaw, this paper presents a Demand Coverage Index (DCI) based method. The optimization considers extended period unsteady hydraulics due to the change of nodal demands with time. The method is cast in a genetic algorithm framework for integration with Environmental Protection Agency Net (EPANET) and is demonstrated through example applications. Results show that the set of optimal locations of monitoring stations obtained using the DCI method can represent the water quality of water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns better than the one obtained using previous methods.

Keywords demand coverage monitoring optimization water distribution network water quality

Corresponding Author(s): LIU Shuming,Email:shumingliu@tsinghua.edu.cn

Issue Date: 01 April 2012

Cite this article:

Shuming LIU,Jinduan CHEN,Qi WANG, et al. Optimal locations of monitoring stations in water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns: a flaw of demand coverage method and modification[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng, 2012, 6(2): 204-212.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-011-0364-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2012/V6/I2/204

Fig.1 The example network 1

Tab.1 Demand coverage matrix for example network under demand pattern 1, unit water

Tab.2 Demand coverage matrix for example network 1 under demand patterns 1-4

Fig.2

Tab.3 GA parameters used

Fig.3 EPANET example network 2

Fig.4 The two demand pattern sets used in this study

Tab.4 Demand coverage matrix for example network 2 under demand pattern set 1

Fig.5

Tab.5 Outputs of the DC method and the DCI method for demand pattern set 1

Tab.6 Outputs of the DC method and the DCI method for demand pattern set 2

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