Reduction of hexavalent chromium with scrap iron in a fixed bed reactor

doi:10.1007/s11783-012-0413-z

Front Envir Sci Eng

2012, Vol. 6

Issue (6) : 761-769 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-012-0413-z

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Reduction of hexavalent chromium with scrap iron in a fixed bed reactor

Yin WANG, Xuejiang WANG(

), Xin WANG, Mian LIU, Siqing XIA, Daqiang YIN, Yalei ZHANG, Jianfu ZHAO

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

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Abstract

The reduction of hexavalent chromium by scrap iron was investigated in continuous long-term fixed bed system. The effects of pH, empty bed contact time (EBCT), and initial Cr(VI) concentration on Cr(VI) reduction were studied. The results showed that the pH, EBCT, and initial Cr(VI) concentration significantly affected the reduction capacity of scrap iron. The reduction capacity of scrap iron were 4.56, 1.51, and 0.57 mg Cr(VI)·g^-1 Fe⁰ at pH 3, 5, and 7 (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L^-1, EBCT 2 min, and temperature 25°C), 0.51, 1.51, and 2.85 mg Cr(VI)·g^-1 Fe⁰ at EBCTs of 0.5, 2.0, and 6.0 min (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L^-1, pH 5, and temperature 25°C), and 2.99, 1.51, and 1.01 mg Cr(VI)·g^-1 Fe⁰ at influent concentrations of 1, 4, and 8 mg·L^-1 (EBCT 2 min, pH 5, and temperature 25°C), respectively. Fe(total) concentration in the column effluent continuously decreased in time, due to a decrease in time of the iron corrosion rate. The fixed bed reactor can be readily used for the treatment of drinking water containing low amounts of Cr(VI) ions, although the hardness and humic acid in water may shorten the lifetime of the reactor, the reduction capacity of scrap iron still achieved 1.98 mg Cr⁶⁺·g^-1 Fe. Scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersion spectrometer and X-ray diffraction were conducted to examine the surface species of the scrap iron before and after its use. In addition to iron oxides and hydroxide species, iron-chromium complex was also observed on the reacted scrap iron.

Keywords hexavalent chromium scrap iron reduction capacity drinking water

Corresponding Author(s): WANG Xuejiang,Email:wangxj@tongji.edu.cn

Issue Date: 01 December 2012

Cite this article:

Yin WANG,Xuejiang WANG,Xin WANG, et al. Reduction of hexavalent chromium with scrap iron in a fixed bed reactor[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng, 2012, 6(6): 761-769.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-012-0413-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2012/V6/I6/761

Fig.1 Chromium species concentration in column effluent . time under three different influent pH (a) 3, (b) 5, (c) 7 (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L, EBCT 2 min, and temperature 25℃)

Fig.2 Iron species concentration in column effluent . time under three different influent pHs (a) 3, (b) 5, (c) 7 (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L, EBCT 2 min, and temperature 25℃)

Fig.3 Chromium species concentration in column effluent . time under three different influent EBCTs (a) 0.5 min, (b) 2 min, (c) 6 min (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L, pH 5, and temperature 25℃)

Fig.4 Iron species concentration in column effluent . time under three different influent EBCTs (a) 0.5 min, (b) 2 min, (c) 6 min (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L, pH 5, and temperature 25°C)

Fig.5 /. time under three different influent concentrations (a) 1 mg·L, (b) 4 mg·L, (c) 8 mg·L (EBCT 2 min, pH 5, and temperature 25℃)

Fig.6 Chromium species concentration in column effluent . time (EBCT 0.5 min and temperature 25℃)

Fig.7 Iron species concentration in column effluent . time (EBCT 0.5 min and temperature 25℃)

Fig.8 SEM micrographs of (a) un-reacted and (b) exhausted scrap iron fillings

Tab.1 Element concentrations of un-react and exhausted scrap iron fillings in atomic percent measured by EDS

Fig.9 XRD patterns of (a) un-reacted and (b) exhausted scrap iron fillings

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