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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-7505

ISSN 2095-977X(Online)

CN 10-1204/S

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Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.    2023, Vol. 10 Issue (4) : 627-638    https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2023516
RESEARCH ARTICLE
REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARS OF MONITORING
Huaji LIU1,2, Jian SHEN1,2, Jimeng FENG2,3, Xinze WANG1,2,3()
1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201100, China
2. National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali 671006, China
3. Yunnan Dali Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali 671006, China
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Abstract

● The primary pollutants of Yong’an River are total nitrogen and nitrate

● Constructed wetland can effectively remove nitrate and phosphorus

● Plant decay reduces removal efficiency for ammonium and organic matter

The agricultural and livestock activities surrounding the rivers flowing into the lakes have caused non-point source pollution, leading to excessive amounts of nutrient salts in downstream rivers. Introducing river water into constructed wetlands along river course has proven to be an effective solution for decreasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads. This paper reports 9 years of monitoring the Yong’an River and its surrounding constructed wetlands in the upper reaches of Erhai Lake, located in Yunnan Province, China. This study analyzed the main types of pollutants in the river, and evaluated the removal efficiency of pollutants by the constructed wetlands. The findings indicate that total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) are the primary pollutants in the Yong’an River, which exhibit variation throughout the year corresponding to the alternating wet and dry seasons. Although constructed wetlands are effective in removing NO3–-N and P, their efficacy in removing ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and organic pollutants is limited. This limitation can be attributed to the lack of timely disposal of aquatic plant residues. This research contributes to the understanding of the potential issues that may arise during the extended use of constructed wetlands and provides solutions to address them.
Keywords inflowing rivers      surface-flow constructed wetland      nutrients      long-term monitoring     
Corresponding Author(s): Xinze WANG   
Online First Date: 29 November 2023    Issue Date: 13 December 2023
 Cite this article:   
Huaji LIU,Jian SHEN,Jimeng FENG, et al. REDUCTION OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE YONG’AN RIVER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BASED ON 9 YEARS OF MONITORING[J]. Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. , 2023, 10(4): 627-638.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/10.15302/J-FASE-2023516
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fase/EN/Y2023/V10/I4/627
Fig.1  Study area (a) showing sampling sites YA-1 to YA-3 upstream of the Dashuying (b) and Dengbeiqiao (c) wetlands, and YA-4 to YA-7 downstream of the two wetlands (审图号: GS 京 (2023) 2266 号). DS-1 and DB-1 are in the wetland inlets, DS-2 and DB-3 the wetland outlets and DB-2 the middle of the DB wetland. The branch of Yong’an River that flows through DS and DB wetlands in sequences rejoins the main river channel upstream of Yong’an.
Fig.2  Variations in nitrogen concentration along the Yong’an River. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analytes during the 9 years monitoring period. TN represents the total nitrogen, NO3–-N represents the nitrate nitrogen and NH4+-N represents the ammonium nitrogen.
Fig.3  Variations in phosphorus concentration along the Yong’an River. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analytes during the 9 years monitoring period. TP represents the total phosphorus and SRP represents the soluble reactive phosphorus.
Fig.4  Variations in CODMn concentration along the Yong’an River. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analytes during the 9 years monitoring period. CODMn represents the chemical oxygen demand.
Fig.5  Nitrogen concentrations in Dashuying (DS) and Dengbeiqiao (DB) wetlands. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analytes during the 9 years monitoring period. TN represents the total nitrogen, NO3–-N represents the nitrate nitrogen and NH4+-N represents the ammonium nitrogen.
Fig.6  Phosphorus concentrations in Dashuying (DS) and Dengbeiqiao (DB) wetlands. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analytes during the 9 years monitoring period. TP represents the total phosphorus and SRP represents the soluble reactive phosphorus.
Fig.7  Chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) in Dashuying (DS) and Dengbeiqiao (DB) wetlands. The error bars represent the standard deviation of average values for the analyses during the 9 years monitoring period. CODMn represents the chemical oxygen demand.
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Pollutant removal efficiency (%) of Dashuying wetland*
TN – 34.1 42.5 71.1 44.7 36.6 34.6 25.0 30.8
NO3–-N** – – – – – 60.3 59.2 41.1 43.0
NH4+-N – −33.7 −14.0 60.2 14.4 −35.4 0.1 −54.8 −42.9
TP – 56.7 34.5 48.0 41.2 48.7 27.4 43.3 38.1
SRP – 56.2 45.5 52.9 21.6 65.6 69.9 68.9 45.0
CODMn – 33.1 19.0 6.6 −2.6 −4.8 −24.1 −23.5 −14.0
Pollutant removal efficiency (%) of Dengbeiqiao wetland
TN 26.8 32.6 −35.3 34.4 36.8 8.5 23.9 −9.5 −25.2
NO3–-N** – – – – – −23.9 65.3 13.8 38.4
NH4+-N −14.2 −52.1 −46.6 11.1 −13.0 −29.0 −8.2 −44.8 −2.8
TP −55.0 30.7 −24.4 9.6 4.7 −7.8 10.0 −13.7 0.1
SRP 41.2 11.5 −19.6 10.1 −10.1 −33.2 21.9 9.5 11.9
CODMn −20.5 −7.2 −27.8 −15.5 −4.5 −33.1 −80.1 −96.9 8.3
Tab.1  Pollutant removal efficiency of Dashuying (DS) and Dengbeiqiao (DB) wetlands over 9 years of monitoring
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