Effect of incorporating <i>Elaeagnus angustifolia</i> extract in PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

doi:10.1007/s11705-018-1742-7

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (1) : 108-119 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-018-1742-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of incorporating Elaeagnus angustifolia extract in PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

Vahideh R. Hokmabad¹, Soodabeh Davaran², Marziyeh Aghazadeh^3,⁴, Effat Alizadeh^3,⁵, Roya Salehi²(

), Ali Ramazani¹(

)

¹. Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
². Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
³. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
⁴. Oral Medicine Department of Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
⁵. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

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Abstract

Plants have been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years but they are still finding new uses in modern times. For example, Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) is a medicinal herb with antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties and it is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. EA extract was loaded onto poly(ϵ-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL/EA) nanofibers and their potential applications for bone tissue engineering were studied. The morphology and chemical properties of the fibers were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements and mechanical tests. All the samples had bead-free morphologies with average diameters ranging from 100 to 200 nm. The response of human cells to the PCL-PEG-PCL/EA nanofibers was evaluated using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). The hDPSCs had better adhesion and proliferation capacity on the EA loaded nanofibers than on the pristine PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers. An alizarin red S assay and the alkaline phosphatase activity confirmed that the nanofibrous scaffolds induced osteoblastic performance in the hDPSCs. The quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction results confirmed that the EA loaded nanofibrous scaffolds had significantly upregulated gene expression correlating to osteogenic differentiation. These results suggest that PCL-PEG-PCL/EA nanofibers might have potential applications for bone tissue engineering.

Keywords Elaeagnus angustifolia scaffold electrospinning human dental pulp stem cell tissue engineering

Corresponding Author(s): Roya Salehi,Ali Ramazani

Just Accepted Date: 14 May 2018 Online First Date: 23 January 2019 Issue Date: 25 February 2019

Cite this article:

Vahideh R. Hokmabad,Soodabeh Davaran,Marziyeh Aghazadeh, et al. Effect of incorporating Elaeagnus angustifolia extract in PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers for bone tissue engineering[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(1): 108-119.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-018-1742-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2019/V13/I1/108

Tab.1 Sequences of primers used for QRT-PCR

Fig.1 FE-SEM micrographs of (a) PCEC, (b) PCEC/5EA, (c) PCEC/10EA, and (d) PCEC/15EA nanofibers and corresponding fiber diameter distributions. Scale bar= 2 mm

Tab.2 Viscosity of PCEC solutions with different amount of EA extract

Fig.2 FTIR spectra of (a) EA pulp extract, (b) PCEC, and (c) EA loaded PCEC nanofibers

Fig.3 Stress-strain curve of (a) PCEC, (b) PCEC/5EA, (c) PCEC/10EA, (d) PCEC/15EA nanofibers

Tab.3 Water contact angles of PCEC nanofibers with different amount of EA

Fig.4 MTT assay results for hDPSCs cultured on TCPS (ctrl), PCEC, and PCEC/EA for 3, 7, and 12 days

Fig.5 FE-SEM micrographs of adhered hDPSCs on (a, b) PCEC, (c, d) PCEC/5EA, (e, f) PCEC/10EA, and (g, h) PCEC/15EA electrospun nanofibers after 14 days of culture. Scale bars: (a, c, e, and g) = 10 mm, (b, d, f, and h) = 50 mm

Fig.6 Effect of EA extract on hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation: (a) a bar graph showing quantitative results of differentiated hDPSCs stained with alizarin red S after 16 days of culture; **p<0.01; (b) cells were stained with alizarin red S at day 16 to visualize mineralized matrix

Fig.7 ALP activity of hDPSCs cultured on PCEC, PCEC/5EA, PCEC/10EA, and PCEC/15EA nanofibrous scaffolds and control (without scaffold). *p<0.05, **p<0.01

Fig.8 Comparison of the osteogenic genes expression levels: (a) BGLAP, (b) BMP2, (c) DSPP, and (d) RUNX2. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001

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