Activated carbon-hybridized and amine-modified polyacrylonitrile nanofibers toward ultrahigh and recyclable metal ion and dye adsorption from wastewater

doi:10.1007/s11705-020-2000-3

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2021, Vol. 15

Issue (4) : 984-997 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-020-2000-3

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Activated carbon-hybridized and amine-modified polyacrylonitrile nanofibers toward ultrahigh and recyclable metal ion and dye adsorption from wastewater

Fengli Li¹, Chuang Chen¹, Yuda Wang¹, Wenpeng Li¹, Guoli Zhou¹(

), Haoqin Zhang¹, Jie Zhang¹(

), Jingtao Wang^1,²

¹. School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
². Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China

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Abstract

Nanofibers with high specific surface area and chemical stability have broad prospects in the applications of adsorption. However, the adsorption capacity is limited by the scarcity of adsorption groups and storage space. Herein, the activated carbon-hybridized and amine-modified nanofibers are prepared by integrating activated carbon (AC) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) via electrospinning method and the subsequent amination, which could provide additional storage space and adsorption groups for ultrahigh adsorption capability. Thus, the obtained amine-rich porous PAN nanofibers (APAN/AC) readily realized the ultrahigh adsorption capacity for metal ions and dyes in wastewater. Specifically, the adsorption capacity of APAN/AC nanofibers were 284 mg·g⁻¹ for Cr(VI) and 248 mg·g⁻¹ for methyl orange, which were almost 2 and 4 times than that of amine-modified nanofibers (APAN) and carbon-hybridized nanofibers (PAN/AC), respectively. Moreover, the AC inhibited the chain mobility of polymer matrix and thereby endowing APAN/AC nanofibers with excellent recyclability. The adsorption capability retained 80% after nine adsorption-desorption cycles. The adsorption kinetics and corresponding mechanism were further explored. This strategy combines the advantages of polymer nanofibers and AC, opening a new avenue for developing next-generation absorbent materials.

Keywords carbon-hybridized and amine-modified nanofibers polyacrylonitrile metal ions and dyes wastewater adsorption kinetics

Corresponding Author(s): Guoli Zhou,Jie Zhang

Just Accepted Date: 10 November 2020 Online First Date: 04 January 2021 Issue Date: 04 June 2021

Cite this article:

Fengli Li,Chuang Chen,Yuda Wang, et al. Activated carbon-hybridized and amine-modified polyacrylonitrile nanofibers toward ultrahigh and recyclable metal ion and dye adsorption from wastewater[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(4): 984-997.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-020-2000-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2021/V15/I4/984

Fig.1 Scheme 1 Schematic diagram of the whole preparation process for APAN/AC nanofibers.

Fig.2 Surface SEM images of (a), (b) PAN and (c), (d) APAN/AC nanofibers; AFM images of (e) PAN and (f) APAN/AC nanofibers.

Fig.3 (a) FTIR pattern and (b) XRD spectra of AC, PVP, PAN, PAN/PVP/AC, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers, and (c) C 1s and (d) N 1s spectra of APAN/AC nanofibers.

Tab.1 Element analysis results of PAN/PVP/AC, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers

Tab.2 Specific surface area and pore volume of PAN, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers

Fig.4 (a) N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherm and (b) pore size distribution of PAN, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers, and (c) the water contact angles of APAN and APAN/AC nanofibers.

Fig.5 (a) The DpH against pH_initial plot for PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers, and (b) the adsorption capacity of APAN/AC nanofibers at different pH.

Fig.6 Adsorption isotherms plots for APAN/AC, APAN, and PAN/AC nanofibers of (a) Cr(VI) and (b) MO, and Langmuir plots of (c) Cr(VI) and (d) MO.

Tab.3 Adsorption isotherms parameters for APAN, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers

Fig.7 Adsorption kinetics plots for APAN/AC, APAN, and PAN/AC nanofibers of (a) Cr(VI) and (b) MO, pseudo-second-order kinetic plots of (c) Cr(VI) and (d) MO, and Weber–Morris kinetics plots of (e) Cr(VI) and (f) MO.

Tab.4 Adsorption kinetics parameters for APAN, PAN/AC and APAN/AC nanofibers

Tab.5 The thermodynamic parameters of APAN/AC nanofibers

Fig.8 FTIR spectra of pure APAN/AC nanofibers and after adsorption.

Fig.9 Scheme 2 Schematic illustration of APAN/AC nanofibers for Cr(VI) and MO adsorption in wastewater.

Fig.10 (a) Effect of coexisting ions and (b) regeneration cycle study.

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