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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-0179

ISSN 2095-0187(Online)

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Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.    2022, Vol. 16 Issue (10) : 1425-1437    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-022-2163-1
REVIEW ARTICLE
Fluorescent probes and functional materials for biomedical applications
Xi-Le Hu1, Hui-Qi Gan1, Fan-De Meng1, Hai-Hao Han1, De-Tai Shi5, Shu Zhang3(), Lei Zou1(), Xiao-Peng He1(), Tony D. James2,4()
1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
2. Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
3. Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
4. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333403, China
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Abstract

Due to their simplicity in preparation, sensitivity and selectivity, fluorescent probes have become the analytical tool of choice in a wide range of research and industrial fields, facilitating the rapid detection of chemical substances of interest as well as the study of important physiological and pathological processes at the cellular level. In addition, many long-wavelength fluorescent probes developed have also proven applicable for in vivo biomedical applications including fluorescence-guided disease diagnosis and theranostics (e.g., fluorogenic prodrugs). Impressive progresses have been made in the development of sensing agents and materials for the detection of ions, organic small molecules, and biomacromolecules including enzymes, DNAs/RNAs, lipids, and carbohydrates that play crucial roles in biological and disease-relevant events. Here, we highlight examples of fluorescent probes and functional materials for biological applications selected from the special issues “Fluorescent Probes” and “Molecular Sensors and Logic Gates” recently published in this journal, offering insights into the future development of powerful fluorescence-based chemical tools for basic biological studies and clinical translation.

Keywords fluorescent probes      imaging      cell      biomedicine      biomolecules     
Corresponding Author(s): Shu Zhang,Lei Zou,Xiao-Peng He,Tony D. James   
About author:

Tongcan Cui and Yizhe Hou contributed equally to this work.
Online First Date: 23 May 2022    Issue Date: 17 October 2022
 Cite this article:   
Xi-Le Hu,Hui-Qi Gan,Fan-De Meng, et al. Fluorescent probes and functional materials for biomedical applications[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2022, 16(10): 1425-1437.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-022-2163-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2022/V16/I10/1425
Fig.1  (a) Structure of PFPNCC; (b) Plausible mechanism of the fluorescence quenching of PFPNCC in the presence of Cu2+ in nucleophilic solvents. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [22], copyright 2020, Springer Nature.
Fig.2  Polythiophene-based minimized chemosensor array on glass chips designed for the simultaneous detection of different metal ions. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [23], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.3  Synthetic route to a focused library of C-bridged benzodiazoles. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [24], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.4  Simultaneous determination of superoxide anion and NO in mitochondria of apoptotic cells based on MCE-LIF. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [27], copyright 2012, American Chemical Society.
Fig.5  Structure of a UiO-based MOFs probe for HClO detection and cellular imaging. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [30], copyright 2017, American Chemical Society.
Fig.6  (a, b) Synthesis of a pyrene-modified probe 1 and an anthracene-modified probe 2 for glucose detection. (c, d) Proposed binding modes of probes 1 and 2 with different saccharides in the presence of γ-CyD. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [33], copyright 2020, Springer Nature.
Fig.7  (a) Synthesis of probe 1, and (b) its proposed sensing mechanism for HS–. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [36], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.8  Structure and biological application of azido-benzoxazole derivatives for the fluorogenic detection of H2S based on ESIPT. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [37], copyright 2018, American Chemical Society.
Fig.9  (a) Structure and imaging application of Res-Biot and Flu-Pht for biothiols and thiophenol, respectively. (b–e) Fluorescence imaging of endogenous biothiols in nude mice. The mice were injected with (b) vehicle, (c) N-ethylmaleimide (1 mmol·L–1, 200 μL), (d) lipopolysaccharide (1 mg·mL–1, 200 μL), and (e) L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, 1 mmol·L–1, 200 μL) followed by injection of Res-Biot (100 μmol·L–1, 200 μL). Reprinted with permission from Ref. [38], copyright 2017, American Chemical Society.
Fig.10  (a) Synthesis of NB-C6-CCB. (b) Confocal microscopic images of (i) normal African green monkey kidney COS-7 cells and (iii) human breast cancer MCF-7 cells co-cultured following staining using NB-C6-CCB. Fluorescence images of (ii) co-cultured cancer (MCF-7) and (iv) normal cells (COS-7). Reprinted with permission from Ref. [41], copyright 2020, Springer Nature.
Fig.11  Structure of a fluorescein-based dual-activated “AND”-logic probe and its sensing mechanism towards β-GLC and H2O2. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [42], copyright 2020, Springer Nature.
Fig.12  (a) Schematic illustration of the addition of glucuronic acid to probe BDMP mediated by UGT1A8. (b) Confocal fluorescence images of HCT-15 cells with and without treatment with the BDMP probe and a UGT1A8 inhibitor. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [43], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.13  (a) Schematic illustration of the mechanism of action of probe KTLlip for the detection and labeling of Sirt2. (b) Synthetic route for probe KTLlip. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [44], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.14  Synthesis of MBI-CHO and MBI-CN, and the use of MBI-CN for imaging mtDNA degradation in cells. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [45], copyright 2021, Springer Nature.
Fig.15  Structures and biological imaging application of two-photon fluorescent dyes. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [46], copyright 2015, American Chemical Society.
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https://doi.org/org/10.1016/j.scib.2022.01.014
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