A steam dried municipal solid waste gasification and melting process

doi:10.1007/s11783-010-0268-0

Front Envir Sci Eng Chin

0, Vol.

Issue () : 193-204 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-010-0268-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

A steam dried municipal solid waste gasification and melting process

Gang XIAO^1,2(

), Baosheng JIN², Mingjiang NI¹, Kefa CEN¹, Yong CHI¹, Zhongxin TAN³

1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; 2. Thermo-Energy Engineering Research Institute, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; 3. Division of Waste Science and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea SE-97187, Sweden

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Abstract

Considering high-moisture municipal solid waste (MSW) of China, a steam dried MSW gasification and melting process was proposed, the feasibility was tested, and the mass and energy balance was analyzed. Preliminary experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed drying apparatus, a 200 kg per day fluidized-bed gasifier, and a swirl melting furnace. Moisture percentage was reduced from 50% to 20% roughly when MSW was dried by slightly superheated steam of 150°C–350°C within 40 min. When the temperature was less than 250°C, no incondensable gas was produced during the drying process. The gasifier ran at 550°C–700°Cwith an air equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.2–0.4. The temperature of the swirl melting furnace reached about 1240°C when the gasification ER was 0.3 and the total ER was 1.1. At these conditions, the fly ash concentration in the flue gas was 1.7 g·(Nm³)^-1, which meant over 95% fly ash was trapped in the furnace and discharged as slag. 85% of Ni and Cr were bound in the slag, as well as 60% of Cu. The mass and energy balance analysis indicates that the boiler heat efficiency of an industrial MSW incineration plant reaches 86.97% when MSW is dried by steam of 200°C. The boiler heat efficiency is sensitive to three important parameters, including the temperature of preheated MSW, the moisture percentage of dried MSW and the fly ash percentage in the total ash.

Keywords municipal solid waste (MSW) steam drying gasification and melting

Corresponding Author(s): XIAO Gang,Email:xiaogangtianmen@yahoo.com.cn

Issue Date: 05 June 2011

Cite this article:

Gang XIAO,Baosheng JIN,Mingjiang NI, et al. A steam dried municipal solid waste gasification and melting process[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng Chin, 0, (): 193-204.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-010-0268-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y0/V/I/193

Fig.1 Yield of MSW in China

Fig.2 A steam dried MSW gasification and melting process, 1-MSW crushing and screening room; 2- MSW preheater and drier; 3-Fluidized-bed gasifier. 4-Water cooling screw; 5-Recycling sieve; 6- Air Jet; 7-Swirl melting furnace; 8-Waste heat boiler; 9-Slightly superheated steam heater; 10-Air preheater; 11-Scrubber; 12-I.D. fan; 13-Stack; 14-F.D. fan; 15-Steam turbine; 16-Dehumidifier and condenser; 17-Pressurized pump

Tab.1 Characteristics of MSW for drying experiments

Tab.2 Characteristics of MSW for gasification and melting experiments

Tab.3 Main components of ash /%

Fig.3 Illustration of fixed-bed drying setup. 1-Gasbag; 2-Exit of exhausted steam; 3-Entrance of MSW;4-Electrical heater; 5-Porcelain dish; 6-Thermocouple; 7-Stainless steel drying tube; 8-Inlet of slight supersaturated steam; 9-Pressure meter; 10-Thermocouple; 11-Electrical heating tape; 12-Outlet of gas in water tank; 13-Inlet of pressured N; 14-Inlet of water; 15-Pressure meter; 16-Outlet of water; 17-Water tank; 18-Liquid flow meter; 19-Steam heating controller; 20-Drying temperature controller; 21-Cooling trap; 22-Ice-water pool; 23-Accumulative gas meter

Fig.4 Illustration of fluidized-bed gasification and swirl melting furnace. 1-Stack; 2-I.D. fan; 3-Scrubber; 4-Quenching pool; 5-Wind box; 6-Exit; 7-Oil combustion chamber; 8-Oil burner; 9-MSW feeding system; 10-Fluidized-bed gasifier; 11-Swirl melting furnace; 12-Oil burner and combustion air inlet

Fig.5 Illustration of sampling system. 1-Sampling point; 2-Glass fiber filter; 3-Ice water cooling tube; 4-Condensable products collector; 5-Adsorption bottle; 6-Sllica gel; 7-Diaphragm pump; 8-Flow meter

Fig.6 Moisture percentage of dried MSW at different temperatures

Tab.4 Incondensable gas produced by steam drying for 20min

Tab.5 Experimental results of MSW gasification

Tab.6 Main components of syngas when the gasifier at Run 4

Fig.7 Temperature of the swirl melting furnace at different ERs when the gasifier at Run 4

Tab.7 Characteristics of flue gas when total ER is 1.1

Fig.8 SEM picture of melted slag

Tab.8 Main heavy metals in ash and slag

Tab.9 Characteristics of fresh MSW and dried MSW for balance analysis

Fig.9 Mass balance flow of a steam dried MSW gasification and swirl melting process

Fig.10 Energy balance flow of a steam dried MSW gasification and swirl melting process

Fig.11 Flow chart of steam and water in the process

Fig.12 Effect of the temperature of preheated MSW

Fig.13 Effect of the moisture percentage of dried MSW

Fig.14 Effect of the fly ash percentage in the total ash

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