A critical review of the emerging research on the detection and assessment of microplastics pollution in the coastal, marine, and urban Bangladesh

doi:10.1007/s11783-022-1563-2

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (10) : 128 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-022-1563-2

REVIEW ARTICLE

A critical review of the emerging research on the detection and assessment of microplastics pollution in the coastal, marine, and urban Bangladesh

Zaki Alam Pushan¹, Ehsanur Rahman², Nafisa Islam¹(

), Nirupam Aich³(

)

¹. Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
². Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
³. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA

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Abstract

● Coastal and marine regions are the most studied for microplastic pollution.

● Tourism is a major cause of microplastic pollution in coastal regions.

● Sediments contain larger microplastics while fish ingest smaller microplastics.

● Inland lakes, rivers, and freshwater fish are impacted by microplastic pollution.

● Microplastics are found in edible salts, however, presence is less in refined salt.

The research on the extent and effects of microplastics pollution in the Global South is only getting started. Bangladesh is a South Asian country with one of the fastest growing economies in the world, however, such exponential economic growth has also increased the pollution threats to its natural and urban environment. In this paper, we reviewed the recent primary research on the assessment of the extent of microplastics pollution in Bangladesh. From the online databases, we developed a compilation of emerging research articles that detected and quantified microplastics in different coastal, marine, and urban environments in Bangladesh. Most of the studies focused on the coastal environment (e.g., beach sediment) and marine fish, while limited data were available for the urban environment. We also discussed the relationship of the type of anthropogenic activities with the observed microplastic pollution. The Cox’s Bazar sea beach in south-east Bangladesh experienced microplastics pollution due to tourism activities, while fishing and other anthropogenic activities led to microplastics pollution in the Bay of Bengal. While microplastics larger than 1 mm were prevalent in the beach sediments, smaller microplastics with size below 0.5 mm were prevalent in marine fish samples. Moreover, the differences in microplastic abundance, size, shape, color, and polymer type found were depended on the sampling sites and relevant anthropogenic activities. It is imperative to identify major sources of microplastics pollution in both natural and urban environment, determine potential environmental and human health effects, and develop mitigating and prevention strategies for reducing microplastics pollution.

Keywords Plastic pollution Waste management Global south Sustainability Marine pollution

Corresponding Author(s): Nafisa Islam,Nirupam Aich

Issue Date: 31 March 2022

Cite this article:

Zaki Alam Pushan,Ehsanur Rahman,Nafisa Islam, et al. A critical review of the emerging research on the detection and assessment of microplastics pollution in the coastal, marine, and urban Bangladesh[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2022, 16(10): 128.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-022-1563-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2022/V16/I10/128

Tab.1 Different regions, sample types, and analysis parameters used in the published research on microplastics pollution in Bangladesh. (Hossain et al., 2019; Hossain et al., 2020a; Rahman et al., 2020; Ghosh et al., 2021; Hossain et al., 2021; Parvin et al., 2021; Tajwar et al., 2022)

Tab.2 Major observations from the microplastics pollution studies in Cox’s Bazar beaches

Fig.1 The comparison of the extent and characteristics of the microplastics pollution between sediments from the beaches of Cox’s Bazar and fish species from Bay of Bengal with respect to microplastics abundance (a), size (b), shape (c), and color (d).

Tab.3 Major observations from the microplastics pollution studies in marine and freshwater organisms of Bangladesh

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